Byrd W, Belisle B W
Exp Cell Res. 1985 Jul;159(1):211-23. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4827(85)80050-1.
Parthenogenetic activation of unfertilized sea urchin eggs with ammonium chloride at pH 8.0 resulted in a slow, but dramatic, reorganization of surface microvilli in four species of sea urchin eggs. Following NH4Cl treatment, elongation of microvilli on the egg surface was observed concomitant with the formation of microfilament bundles within the microvillar cores. A minimum of 2 h of treatment was required for elongation and microfilament bundle formation to occur. The maintenance of elongated microvilli was pH-sensitive; removal of the activating agent resulted in the retraction of extended microvilli while readdition of NH4Cl caused microvilli to elongate again. Accompanying microvillar elongation in activated eggs, there was an increased calcium uptake as measured by 45Ca uptake. Blocking calcium uptake by incubation in lanthanum chloride or zero-calcium seawater containing 2 mM EGTA prevented microvillar elongation. These results suggested that elongation of microvilli following parthenogenetic activation by NH4Cl is pH- and calcium-dependent and is similar to that observed during normal fertilization.
在pH 8.0条件下，用氯化铵对未受精的海胆卵进行孤雌激活，导致四种海胆卵表面微绒毛缓慢但显著地重新组织。氯化铵处理后，观察到卵表面微绒毛伸长，同时微绒毛核心内形成微丝束。微绒毛伸长和微丝束形成至少需要2小时的处理时间。伸长的微绒毛的维持对pH敏感；去除激活剂会导致伸长的微绒毛缩回，而重新添加氯化铵会使微绒毛再次伸长。在激活的卵中，伴随着微绒毛伸长，通过45Ca摄取测量的钙摄取增加。在含有2 mM EGTA的氯化镧或零钙海水中孵育以阻断钙摄取，可防止微绒毛伸长。这些结果表明，氯化铵孤雌激活后微绒毛的伸长依赖于pH和钙，并且与正常受精过程中观察到的情况相似。
