Pinho-Correia Liliana M, McCullough Samuel J C, Ghanizada Hashmat, Nedergaard Maiken, Rustenhoven Justin, Da Mesquita Sandro
Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Lancet Neurol. 2025 Jun;24(6):535-547. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00115-2.
The existence of specialised structures that allow a continuous exchange of CSF between different anatomical compartments at the brain-meningeal border is challenging conventional notions around molecular transport within the brain. Experimental findings highlight the conduits and cellular structures controlling the transport of CSF and immune cells between the brain parenchyma (via the glymphatic system), the subarachnoid space (enclosed by the meningeal pia and arachnoid layers), and the outmost meningeal dural layer and calvaria (via the so-called arachnoid cuff exit points). Studies in both rodent models and humans show new mechanisms of brain glymphatic molecular transport, meningeal lymphatic vascular drainage, and immune surveillance at the brain-draining skull bone marrow and cervical lymph nodes. Pathological alterations at the brain-meningeal border have been implicated in disorders of diverse causes, from traumatic brain injury to Alzheimer's disease.
在脑-脑膜边界处存在专门结构，允许脑脊液在不同解剖区域之间持续交换，这对围绕脑内分子运输的传统观念提出了挑战。实验结果突出了控制脑脊液和免疫细胞在脑实质（通过类淋巴系统）、蛛网膜下腔（由脑膜软膜和蛛网膜层包围）以及最外层脑膜硬脑膜层和颅骨（通过所谓的蛛网膜袖套出口点）之间运输的管道和细胞结构。对啮齿动物模型和人类的研究揭示了脑类淋巴分子运输、脑膜淋巴管引流以及脑引流颅骨骨髓和颈淋巴结处免疫监视的新机制。脑-脑膜边界处的病理改变与从创伤性脑损伤到阿尔茨海默病等多种病因的疾病有关。
