对东高止山脉鳢科鱼类（硬骨鱼纲：鳢科）的综合形态测量学和系统发育学研究揭示了侏儒鳢（Channa kelaartii）在印度和斯里兰卡的跨界扩散。

Integrative morphometric and phylogenetic insights into Eastern Ghats channids (Teleostei: Channidae) unveil the transboundary dispersal of the Dwarf Snakehead (Channa kelaartii) across India and Sri Lanka.

作者信息

Laskar Boni Amin, Adimalla Harikumar, Banerjee Dhriti, Song Se Hyun, Kang Hye-Eun, Kim Hyun-Woo, Kundu Shantanu

机构信息

High Altitude Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Solan, 173211, Himachal Pradesh, India.

, House No. 2-60, Village Turkapalle, Nalgonda, 508266, Telangana, India.

出版信息

Mol Biol Rep. 2025 May 24;52(1):499. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10610-3.

DOI:10.1007/s11033-025-10610-3

PMID:40411728

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The biogeography of Eastern Ghats channids, including the Dwarf Snakehead Channa kelaartii, poses a complex challenge, especially with recent evidence confirming its presence in both India and Sri Lanka. While the Sri Lankan population is well- documented through integrative approach, the Indian population remains unexplored, requiring further research to elucidate its genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships.

METHODS

This study examines the morphology and mtCOI-based genetic diversity of 10 channid species, including seven from the Gachua complex. An integrative approach is also applied to assess population-level variation in C. kelaartii, aiming to clarify its genetic diversity with geographically isolated Sri Lankan populations.

RESULTS

Morphological analysis distinctly identified all Channa species and indicated a close resemblance between Indian and Sri Lankan C. kelaartii populations. Genetic analysis revealed considerable divergence between C. kelaartii and other members of the Gachua group, ranging from 6.15 to 21.31%. Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction robustly resolved all species, including C. kelaartii. Combined mitochondrial data from India and Sri Lanka revealed 13 haplotypes, with mean intra-regional genetic distances of 0.5% (Sri Lanka) and 0.7% (India), and maximum divergences of 1.24% and 2.29%, respectively. A haplotype from the Western Ghats exhibited only 0.17% divergence from Sri Lankan populations, indicating potential historical gene flow between the two regions.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of Channa diversity in the Eastern Ghats and confirms the presence of C. kelaartii in both peninsular India and Sri Lanka, likely shaped by historical land connections and freshwater dispersal across the Palk Isthmus during the Plio-Pleistocene.

摘要

背景

东高止山脉鳢科鱼类的生物地理学，包括侏儒鳢（Channa kelaartii），带来了复杂的挑战，尤其是最近有证据证实其在印度和斯里兰卡均有分布。虽然通过综合方法对斯里兰卡的种群有充分记录，但印度的种群仍未得到研究，需要进一步开展研究以阐明其遗传结构和系统发育关系。

方法

本研究考察了10种鳢科鱼类的形态以及基于线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（mtCOI）的遗传多样性，其中包括7种来自加丘亚复合体（Gachua complex）的鱼类。还采用综合方法评估了克氏鳢（C. kelaartii）的种群水平变异，旨在阐明其与地理隔离的斯里兰卡种群的遗传多样性。

结果

形态学分析明确鉴定出了所有鳢属物种，并表明印度和斯里兰卡的克氏鳢种群非常相似。遗传分析显示，克氏鳢与加丘亚组的其他成员之间存在相当大的差异，范围在6.15%至21.31%之间。贝叶斯系统发育重建有力地解析了所有物种，包括克氏鳢。来自印度和斯里兰卡的线粒体数据组合显示有13种单倍型，区域内平均遗传距离分别为0.5%（斯里兰卡）和0.7%（印度），最大差异分别为1.24%和2.29%。来自西高止山脉的一种单倍型与斯里兰卡种群的差异仅为0.17%，表明这两个地区之间可能存在历史基因流动。