Dong Ping, Zhang Ying, Liu Chun-Xue, Yan Dong-Yong, Xu Xiu, Li Ai-Hong, Jin Long-Mei
Department of Child Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Department of Child Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
J Nutr. 2025 Jul;155(7):2290-2299. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.022. Epub 2025 May 23.
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a novel class of endogenous lipids with biologically active functions in human.
Our objective was to determine the role of maternal body mass index (BMI) in breast milk (BM) FAHFA composition and delineate the association between these BM fatty acids and infant growth during the first 6 mo postpartum.
We recruited 65 healthy singleton pregnant females from the obstetric clinic. Regular mother-child follow-up was performed at 3 d (V1), 42 d (V2), 3 mo (V3), 4 mo (V4), and 6 mo (V5) after birth. High-throughput targeted metabolomics was used to detect the content of 9 representative FAHFA isomers in BM. Multivariate linear mixed models were conducted. The Holm-Bonferroni stepdown procedure was utilized to control the type I error rate in multiple comparisons.
As compared with the normal-weight mothers, the mothers with obesity/overweight had higher contents of 5-palmitic acid esters of hydroxy stearic acid (PAHSA) in colostrum (V1) and 9-stearic acid esters of hydroxy stearic acid (SAHSA) in mature milk (V2) (corrected P = 0.013 and 0.044, respectively), and lower contents of 13-linoleic acid esters of hydroxy linoleic acid (LAHLA in mature milk (V2 and V3) (corrected P = 0.028 and 0.005, respectively). The mean concentrations of 9-PAHSA in mature milk (V2 and V3) showed positive correlations with children's fat-free mass index ( FFMI), whereas those of 5-PAHSA, 10-oleic acid esters of hydroxy stearic acid (OAHSA), and 9-palmitic acid esters of hydroxy palmitic acid (PAHPA) were negatively correlated with children's fat mass index (FMI) (corrected P < 0.05 for all).
Higher maternal BMI was associated with higher concentrations of 2 saturated FAHFAs (5-PAHSA and 9-SAHSA) and a lower concentration of 1 polyunsaturated FAHFA (13-LAHLA) in BM. Specific FAHFA isomers were associated with growth and body composition development in exclusively breastfed infants during early infancy. Expanding the sample size and conducting further research is necessary to explore the mechanisms of action in the future.
羟基脂肪酸的脂肪酸酯（FAHFAs）是一类新型内源性脂质，在人体中具有生物活性功能。
我们的目的是确定母亲体重指数（BMI）在母乳（BM）FAHFA组成中的作用，并描述这些BM脂肪酸与产后前6个月婴儿生长之间的关联。
我们从产科诊所招募了65名健康的单胎孕妇。在出生后3天（V1）、42天（V2）、3个月（V3）、4个月（V4）和6个月（V5）进行定期的母婴随访。采用高通量靶向代谢组学检测BM中9种代表性FAHFA异构体的含量。进行多变量线性混合模型分析。采用Holm-Bonferroni逐步检验程序控制多重比较中的I型错误率。
与体重正常的母亲相比，肥胖/超重母亲初乳（V1）中羟基硬脂酸5-棕榈酸酯（PAHSA）和成熟乳（V2）中羟基硬脂酸9-硬脂酸酯（SAHSA）的含量较高（校正P值分别为0.013和0.044），而成熟乳（V2和V3）中羟基亚油酸13-亚油酸酯（LAHLA）的含量较低（校正P值分别为0.028和0.005）。成熟乳（V2和V3）中9-PAHSA的平均浓度与儿童去脂体重指数（FFMI）呈正相关，而5-PAHSA、羟基硬脂酸10-油酸酯（OAHSA）和羟基棕榈酸9-棕榈酸酯（PAHPA）的平均浓度与儿童脂肪量指数（FMI）呈负相关（所有校正P值均<0.05）。
母亲BMI较高与BM中2种饱和FAHFAs（5-PAHSA和9-SAHSA）浓度较高和1种多不饱和FAHFA（13-LAHLA）浓度较低有关。特定的FAHFA异构体与纯母乳喂养婴儿早期的生长和身体成分发育有关。未来有必要扩大样本量并进行进一步研究以探索其作用机制。
