Heinrich Eva, Schierholt Antje, Möllers Christian
Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Crop Plant Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Plant Breeding Methodology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 May 9;16:1513353. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1513353. eCollection 2025.
Flowering is a critical life stage for plants, and the regulation of flowering is heavily influenced by environmental factors and is genetically very complex. In oilseed rape ( L.), a major oil crop, yield is heavily dependent on successful flowering. Until now, the influences of day length and temperature on flowering time have mostly been studied in spring-type rape, although they also affect flowering in winter oilseed rape after vernalization, and changing climate conditions alter springtime temperatures. In this study, a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between a winter and a spring-type oilseed rape was examined for the effect of cool and warm temperatures (11°C and 22°C) in combination with long and short days (8/16-h light) on flowering time after vernalization. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis revealed major QTLs for flowering time in two homologous regions on chromosomes C06 and A07, which were found to interact epistatically. It was found that temperature can either delay or promote flowering depending on day length and genotype, highlighting the complex interplay between these factors. Our study provides new insights into the genetic basis of flowering time regulation in , especially after vernalization, and highlights the importance of considering the interplay between temperature and day length in breeding programs for this crop, particularly in the context of climate change.
开花是植物关键的生命阶段，开花的调控受到环境因素的严重影响，并且在遗传上非常复杂。在主要油料作物油菜（甘蓝型油菜）中，产量严重依赖于成功开花。到目前为止，虽然日长和温度对春化后的冬油菜开花也有影响，且气候变化会改变春季温度，但日长和温度对开花时间的影响大多是在春性油菜中进行研究的。在本研究中，对一个由冬性和春性油菜杂交产生的双单倍体群体进行了研究，考察了低温（11°C）和高温（22°C）与长日照（8/16小时光照）和短日照组合对春化后开花时间的影响。数量性状位点（QTL）分析揭示了C06和A07染色体上两个同源区域中控制开花时间的主要QTL，发现它们存在上位性互作。研究发现，温度可根据日长和基因型延迟或促进开花，突出了这些因素之间复杂的相互作用。我们的研究为油菜开花时间调控的遗传基础提供了新的见解，特别是在春化之后，并强调了在该作物的育种计划中考虑温度和日长相互作用的重要性，尤其是在气候变化的背景下。
