Alasbali Mohammed A, Alramadan Amjad, Yamani Muath, Asiri Abdullah, Al Qahtani Nehal, Al Kathiri Khalid, Nooh Anas
College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, SAU.
Cureus. 2025 Apr 23;17(4):e82877. doi: 10.7759/cureus.82877. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Hip and knee joint arthroplasty is a common procedure. The true incidence and predictors of postoperative falls remain uncertain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to (1) determine the overall incidence of falls post hip and knee joint arthroplasty, (2) identify risk factors associated with these falls, and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of fall prevention strategies and interventions in reducing fall incidence. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered in PROSPERO. This research was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library. Two independent reviewers screened studies by title, abstract, and full text. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS). A total of 1,282 publications were identified, leading to the review of 988 patients aged between 60 and 88 years, reviewed for this systematic review from seven full-text articles. Fall incidence post total knee arthroplasty (TKA) varied, with five reporting increased rates (36%, 32.9%, 38.2%, 22.1%, and 32%) and two indicating a decrease (50% and 26.4% reduction). All studies emphasized the role of postoperative limitations and psychological factors on fall risk. Additionally, patients living alone had higher odds of falling, highlighting the need for targeted postoperative care. While fall incidence post hip and knee arthroplasty varies, improvements in quality of life and functional outcomes following surgery are reported. Future research should focus on larger sample sizes, control groups, objective assessments, extended follow-up periods, and various joint replacements.
髋关节和膝关节置换术是一种常见的手术。术后跌倒的真实发生率和预测因素仍不确定。本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是：（1）确定髋关节和膝关节置换术后跌倒的总体发生率；（2）识别与这些跌倒相关的危险因素；（3）评估预防跌倒策略和干预措施在降低跌倒发生率方面的有效性。本系统评价遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA），并在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）中进行了注册。本研究使用了PubMed、谷歌学术、科学网、ScienceDirect和Wiley Online Library进行。两名独立的评审员通过标题、摘要和全文筛选研究。使用非随机研究方法学指数（MINORS）评估纳入文章的质量。共识别出1282篇出版物，从7篇全文文章中筛选出988名年龄在60至88岁之间的患者进行本系统评价。全膝关节置换术（TKA）后跌倒发生率各不相同，5项研究报告发生率增加（36%、32.9%、38.2%、22.1%和32%），2项研究表明发生率下降（分别下降50%和26.4%）。所有研究都强调了术后限制和心理因素对跌倒风险的作用。此外，独居患者跌倒的几率更高，这突出了针对性术后护理的必要性。虽然髋关节和膝关节置换术后跌倒发生率各不相同，但据报告手术后人的生活质量和功能结果有所改善。未来的研究应侧重于更大的样本量、对照组、客观评估、更长的随访期以及各种关节置换。
