谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因（GSTM1和GSTT1）多态性在糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病肾病中的相关性

Relevance of Polymorphism of Glutathione S-Transferase Genes (GSTM1 and GSTT1) in Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Nephropathy.

作者信息

Pawar Vaishali S, Datkhile Kailas D, Sontakke Ajit V, Pawar Satyajeet K, Patil Prajakta S

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India.

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Karad, Maharashtra, India.

出版信息

Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Mar-Apr;29(2):224-229. doi: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_47_24. Epub 2025 Apr 29.

DOI:10.4103/ijem.ijem_47_24

PMID:40416467

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12101764/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The causative factors of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy are genetic as well as environmental. The Glutathione S-transferase gene family is involved in redox balance to reduce oxidative stress, which is an important factor associated with these major diabetic complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTM1 and GSTT1) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN).

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, GSTM1 and GST1 gene polymorphisms were studied in T2DM patients with three groups of 125 cases each: the 1 group DM without DN and DR, the 2 group with DR, and the 3 group with DN from December 2019 to January 2023. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on DNA. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotyping was conducted using gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

RESULTS

Compared to the DM group, in the DR group, the GSTT1 null and GSTM1 null genotypes were more prevalent and showed 2.68-folds (OR = 2.68; 95% CI = 1.60-4.48; < 0.001) and 2.5-folds (OR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.50-4.18; < 0.001) increased risk of developing DR respectively. In the DN group, the GSTM1 null genotype was more prevalent, with a 1.97-fold increased risk of developing DR (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.19-3.26; = 0.008) when compared to the DM group. However, no significant difference was found in the GSTT1 null genotype between the DN and DM groups.

CONCLUSION

The significant association between null genotypes of both GSTT1 and GSTM1 with DR and only the GSTM1 null genotype with DN suggests their roles as risk factors.

摘要

引言

糖尿病视网膜病变和肾病的致病因素包括遗传和环境因素。谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因家族参与氧化还原平衡以减轻氧化应激，而氧化应激是这些主要糖尿病并发症的一个重要相关因素。本研究的目的是调查谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因（GSTM1和GSTT1）多态性与2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）和糖尿病肾病（DN）患者之间的关联。

方法

在这项横断面研究中，于2019年12月至2023年1月对三组各125例T2DM患者的GSTM1和GST1基因多态性进行了研究：第1组为无DN和DR的糖尿病患者，第2组为患有DR的患者，第3组为患有DN的患者。对DNA进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）。使用凝胶电泳进行GSTM1和GSTT1基因分型。使用SPSS软件进行统计分析。

结果

与糖尿病组相比，在DR组中，GSTT1缺失型和GSTM1缺失型基因型更为普遍，分别显示发生DR的风险增加2.68倍（OR = 2.68；95% CI = 1.60 - 4.48；< 0.001）和2.5倍（OR = 2.50；95% CI = 1.50 - 4.18；< 0.001）。在DN组中，GSTM1缺失型基因型更为普遍，与糖尿病组相比，发生DR的风险增加1.97倍（OR = 1.97，95% CI = 1.19 - 3.26；= 0.008）。然而，DN组和糖尿病组之间在GSTT1缺失型基因型方面未发现显著差异。