Artificial blood vessels-clinical development of TEVG.

The market for small-diameter vascular grafts (< 6 mm) used in cardiac and vascular surgery has not yet been fully established, as stable long-term patency has not been achieved. This paper focuses on the clinical development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), especially those that have progressed to clinical trials, and introduces their current status with historical background and future directions. This review was created based on a translation of the Japanese review first reported in the Japanese Journal of Artificial Organs in 2023 (vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 161-166), with some modifications.