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[小儿泌尿外科——男孩外生殖器常见问题]

[Pediatric urology-common issues of the external genitalia in boys].

作者信息

Schröder Annette

机构信息

Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.

出版信息

Urologie. 2025 May 26. doi: 10.1007/s00120-025-02599-1.

DOI:10.1007/s00120-025-02599-1
PMID:40418325
Abstract

In infant and young boys there are numerous (sometimes only assumed) abnormalities of the external genitalia, which may lead to a consultation in a urologists' office. Some are perfectly harmless and require only explanation and reassurance while others require careful consideration and complex reconstruction. Knowledge of the contemporary approaches to these issues, which may have changed considerably over the last decades, are equally important as careful avoidance of generalized statements regarding potential threats to fertility or risks of cancer in future life. The current article aims to give an overview of the most common complaints of the external genitalia in young and adolescent boys.

摘要

在男童婴幼儿期,存在众多(有时仅是推测的)外生殖器异常情况,这可能促使患儿前往泌尿科就诊。有些异常完全无害,仅需解释和安抚即可,而另一些则需要仔细考量并进行复杂的重建手术。了解这些问题的当代处理方法同样重要,在过去几十年里这些方法可能已发生了很大变化,同时要谨慎避免对未来生育潜在威胁或患癌风险做出一概而论的表述。本文旨在概述年轻及青春期男孩外生殖器最常见的病症。

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EuroGuiderm guideline on lichen sclerosus-Treatment of lichen sclerosus.欧洲皮肤科医学学会关于硬化性苔藓的指南-硬化性苔藓的治疗。
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Orchidopexy for congenital cryptorchidism in childhood and adolescence and testicular cancer in adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.儿童先天性隐睾症和成人睾丸癌的隐睾固定术:观察性研究的更新系统评价和荟萃分析。
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Contralateral testicular hypertrophy is associated with a higher incidence of absent testis in children with non-palpable testis.
在隐睾患儿中,对侧睾丸肥大与睾丸缺如的发生率较高相关。
J Pediatr Urol. 2023 Apr;19(2):214.e1-214.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.11.006. Epub 2022 Nov 13.
4
Evaluation of Undescended Testes in Newborns: It Is Really Simple, Just Not Easy.新生儿隐睾的评估:其实很简单,只是不容易。
Urol Int. 2021;105(11-12):1034-1038. doi: 10.1159/000517268. Epub 2021 Jul 8.
5
Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men.对不育男性精索静脉曲张的手术或放射治疗。
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Apr 23;4(4):CD000479. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000479.pub6.
6
Fertility Potential is Impaired in Boys with Bilateral Ascending Testes.双侧睾丸上升的男孩生育能力受损。
J Urol. 2021 Feb;205(2):586-594. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001350. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
7
Validity and reliability of a home-based, guardian-conducted video voiding test for voiding evaluation after hypospadias surgery.基于家庭、监护人实施的视频排尿测试用于评估尿道下裂术后排尿功能的有效性和可靠性。
Investig Clin Urol. 2020 Jul;61(4):425-431. doi: 10.4111/icu.2020.61.4.425. Epub 2020 Jun 19.
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The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: clinical, seminal and biochemical characteristics.欧洲男科学会(EAA)对健康、可育男性的超声研究:临床、精液及生化特征
Andrology. 2020 Sep;8(5):1005-1020. doi: 10.1111/andr.12808. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
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Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018 Oct;2(10):736-743. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30254-2. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
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