Fréchard Théo, Bachelot Florence, Ménard Véronique, Brizais Chloé, Macé Léo, Elie Christelle, Cailler Gruet Nicolas, Teulade Théo, Havet Chloé, Voyer Frédéric, Garali Imène, Gloaguen Céline, Gensdarmes François, Klokov Dmitry, Ibanez Chrystelle
Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire et de Radioprotection, PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRTOX, F-92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, iRCM/IBFJ, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18307. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02278-3.
Throughout their lives, individuals are exposed to various pollutants, potentially including co-exposure to radiological and chemical stressors. Yet, existing literature about these combinations is scarce. We selected tungsten and ionizing radiations. Tungsten is an emerging contaminant present as aerosolized particles in several scenarios, potentially concurrently with low-dose irradiation, causing a co-exposure. The cerebral toxicity of this co-exposure was studied after 24 h and 28 days in the frontal cortex and olfactory bulb of male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to gamma irradiation (50 mGy) and/or inhalation of tungsten particles aerosol (80 mg.m). Co-exposure triggered significant effects more frequently than single stressors. Observed effects were associated with oxidative status changes, notably via NRF2 nuclear translocation, and modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, TNFα). A reduction in cortical microglial density suggested a cellular migration toward the olfactory bulb and could contribute to the occurrence of a neuronal suffering phenotype. The effects persisted at 28 days and were brain structure specific. Biodistribution of tungsten showed that both local and systemic effects might be involved. Our results suggest interaction between our stressors, causing cerebral toxicity, and prove the importance of multi-stressor studies to improve risks evaluation in toxicology and radiation protection, as single stressors might wrongly be deemed safe.
在整个生命过程中，个体都会接触到各种污染物，可能包括同时接触放射性和化学应激源。然而，关于这些组合的现有文献却很稀少。我们选择了钨和电离辐射。钨是一种新兴污染物，在多种情况下以气溶胶颗粒的形式存在，可能与低剂量辐射同时存在，从而导致共同暴露。在暴露于γ射线（50毫戈瑞）和/或吸入钨颗粒气溶胶（80毫克/立方米）的雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠的额叶皮质和嗅球中，研究了这种共同暴露在24小时和28天后的脑毒性。与单一应激源相比，共同暴露更频繁地引发显著影响。观察到的影响与氧化状态变化有关，特别是通过NRF2核转位以及促炎细胞因子（IL1β、TNFα）的调节。皮质小胶质细胞密度的降低表明细胞向嗅球迁移，这可能导致神经元受损表型的出现。这些影响在28天时仍然存在，并且具有脑结构特异性。钨的生物分布表明可能涉及局部和全身效应。我们的结果表明我们研究的应激源之间存在相互作用，会导致脑毒性，并证明了多应激源研究对于改善毒理学和辐射防护中的风险评估的重要性，因为单一应激源可能会被错误地认为是安全的。
