Nonlinear Conductive Graphene Composites for Pressure Sensing with a Linear Response and Voltage-Driven Thermal Correction.

Thermal fluctuations pose a significant challenge to the signal stability of nanomaterial-based piezoresistive pressure sensors, limiting their effectiveness in applications such as electronic skin and robotics. Conventional temperature compensation strategies often rely on additional thermal sensors or complex calibration algorithms. Here, a flexible pressure sensor is reported featuring a nonlinear conductive graphene composite layer within a bilayer architecture, enabling bias voltage-controlled sensitivity without structural redesign. The sensor achieves ultra-high sensitivity (742.3 kPa), a broad linear sensing range of up to 800 kPa (R = 0.99913), and excellent long-term durability over 10 000 cycles. Crucially, the unique nonlinear characteristics enable the bias voltage to function as an internal remote control for correcting temperature drifts between 25 and 60 °C, as demonstrated by precise manipulation in robotic grippers under varying temperature conditions. This work offers a universal strategy for building environmentally adaptive sensors, advancing the development of robust and high-precision wearable electronics.