Song Xiao-Yu, Mou Ya-Kui, Wang Han-Rui, Wang Yao, Liu Wan-Chen, Yang Ting, Sun Cai-Yu, Ren Chao, Song Xi-Cheng
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interaction and Regulation, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China.
Mediators Inflamm. 2025 May 19;2025:5891188. doi: 10.1155/mi/5891188. eCollection 2025.
The sense of smell is vital for human life and risk identification. Many diseases can cause olfactory disorders, and early identification and intervention of olfactory disorders are crucial. Currently, the diagnosis of olfactory disorders in clinical practice mostly relies on subjective visual analog scale (VAS) evaluations, expensive and complex imaging, and neurophysiological examinations, which lead to poor patient compliance and low completion rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel, objective, easily detectable biological indicators. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory factor that is closely associated with olfactory dysfunction in various diseases. However, the role of IL-6 in the occurrence and development of olfactory disorders is not yet clear, which limits its clinical application. This article reviews the changes and possible mechanisms of IL-6 in various diseases associated with olfactory disorders, with the aim of providing a reference for the clinical application of IL-6 as a biomarker for olfactory disorders and promoting an in-depth exploration of its mechanism in the occurrence and development of olfactory disorders.
嗅觉对于人类生活和风险识别至关重要。许多疾病可导致嗅觉障碍，而嗅觉障碍的早期识别和干预至关重要。目前，临床实践中嗅觉障碍的诊断大多依赖主观视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估、昂贵且复杂的影像学检查以及神经生理学检查，这导致患者依从性差且完成率低。因此，迫切需要识别新的、客观的、易于检测的生物学指标。白细胞介素-6（IL-6）是一种炎症因子，与多种疾病中的嗅觉功能障碍密切相关。然而，IL-6在嗅觉障碍发生发展中的作用尚不清楚，这限制了其临床应用。本文综述了IL-6在各种与嗅觉障碍相关疾病中的变化及可能机制，旨在为IL-6作为嗅觉障碍生物标志物的临床应用提供参考，并促进对其在嗅觉障碍发生发展机制的深入探索。
