Abdallah Marwa H, Shahien Mona M, El-Horany Hemat El-Sayed, Ahmed Enas Haridy
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81422, Saudi Arabia.
Gels. 2025 May 13;11(5):358. doi: 10.3390/gels11050358.
This review explores the enhanced transdermal therapy of several skin disorders with the application of carriers comprising phospholipid vesicular gel systems. Topical drug delivery has several advantages compared to other administration methods, including enhanced patient compliance, the avoidance of the first-pass impact associated with oral administration, and the elimination of the need for repeated doses. Nonetheless, the skin barrier obstructs the penetration of drugs, hence affecting its therapeutic efficacy. Carriers with phospholipid soft vesicles comprise a novel strategy used to augment drug delivery into the skin and boost therapeutic efficacy. These vesicles encompass chemicals that possess the ability to fluidize phospholipid bilayers, producing a pliable vesicle that facilitates penetration into the deeper layers of the skin. Phospholipid-based vesicular carriers have been extensively studied for improved drug delivery through dermal and transdermal pathways. Traditional liposomes are limited to the stratum corneum of the skin and do not penetrate the deeper layers. Ethosomes, glycerosomes, and glycethosomes are nanovesicular systems composed of ethanol, glycerol, or a combination of ethanol and glycerol, respectively. Their composition produce pliable vesicles by fluidizing the phospholipid bilayers, facilitating deeper penetration into the skin. This article examines the impact of ethanol and glycerol on phospholipid vesicles, and outlines their respective manufacturing techniques. Thus far, these discrepancies have not been analyzed comparatively. The review details several active compounds integrated into these nanovesicular gel systems and examined through in vitro, in vivo, or clinical human trials involving compositions with various active molecules for the treatment of various dermatological conditions.
本综述探讨了应用包含磷脂囊泡凝胶系统的载体对几种皮肤疾病进行增强透皮治疗的情况。与其他给药方法相比，局部给药具有多个优点，包括提高患者依从性、避免口服给药相关的首过效应以及无需重复给药。尽管如此，皮肤屏障会阻碍药物渗透，从而影响其治疗效果。含有磷脂软囊泡的载体是一种用于增强药物透皮递送并提高治疗效果的新策略。这些囊泡包含能够使磷脂双层流化的化学物质，形成一种柔韧的囊泡，便于渗透到皮肤深层。基于磷脂的囊泡载体已被广泛研究用于通过真皮和透皮途径改善药物递送。传统脂质体局限于皮肤角质层，无法渗透到更深层。醇质体、甘油质体和糖基醇质体分别是由乙醇、甘油或乙醇与甘油的组合组成的纳米囊泡系统。它们的组成通过使磷脂双层流化产生柔韧的囊泡，便于更深地渗透到皮肤中。本文研究了乙醇和甘油对磷脂囊泡的影响，并概述了它们各自的制备技术。到目前为止，尚未对这些差异进行比较分析。该综述详细介绍了整合到这些纳米囊泡凝胶系统中的几种活性化合物，并通过体外、体内或涉及含有各种活性分子的组合物用于治疗各种皮肤病况的临床人体试验进行了研究。
