Dioguardi Mario, Guerra Ciro, Laterza Pietro, Illuzzi Gaetano, Sovereto Diego, Laneve Enrica, Martella Angelo, Lo Muzio Lorenzo, Ballini Andrea
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
DataLab, Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Dent J (Basel). 2025 May 16;13(5):215. doi: 10.3390/dj13050215.
The correlation between cardiovascular diseases, particularly infective endocarditis, and oral disorders such as periodontitis and dental caries has been widely discussed in the scientific literature. In this mapping review, we aim to examine the available evidence on the link between these conditions, focusing on the pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie the development of endocarditis in patients with oral diseases. A systematic search was conducted across three major databases-PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect-as well as grey literature in Google Scholar. Relevant articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing primarily on systematic reviews. The data extracted included study characteristics, main outcomes, and risk-of-bias evaluations. A total of 13 systematic reviews were included in this mapping review. The findings suggest there is a significant connection between periodontal disease, dental caries, and the incidence of infective endocarditis. The evidence highlights that oral bacteria, particularly species, can enter the bloodstream during daily activities and invasive dental procedures, contributing to the development of endocarditis in susceptible individuals. However, the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing endocarditis following dental procedures remains controversial. This review reinforces the importance of oral health in preventing cardiovascular complications, especially infective endocarditis. Although antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the risk in high-risk individuals, further research is needed to clarify its effectiveness. Enhanced awareness of and education on the shared risks between oral and cardiovascular health could improve prevention strategies and patient outcomes.
心血管疾病，尤其是感染性心内膜炎，与牙周炎和龋齿等口腔疾病之间的相关性在科学文献中已得到广泛讨论。在本次图谱综述中，我们旨在审视关于这些病症之间关联的现有证据，重点关注口腔疾病患者发生心内膜炎的潜在发病机制。我们在三个主要数据库——PubMed、Scopus和ScienceDirect——以及谷歌学术搜索中的灰色文献中进行了系统检索。根据纳入和排除标准选择相关文章，主要侧重于系统综述。提取的数据包括研究特征、主要结果和偏倚风险评估。本次图谱综述共纳入了13项系统综述。研究结果表明，牙周病、龋齿与感染性心内膜炎的发病率之间存在显著关联。证据凸显出，口腔细菌，尤其是某些种类的细菌，可在日常活动和侵入性牙科操作过程中进入血液循环，促使易感个体发生心内膜炎。然而，抗生素预防在预防牙科操作后心内膜炎方面的作用仍存在争议。本综述强化了口腔健康在预防心血管并发症，尤其是感染性心内膜炎方面的重要性。尽管抗生素预防可能会降低高危个体的风险，但仍需进一步研究以阐明其有效性。提高对口腔和心血管健康共同风险的认识并开展相关教育，可能会改善预防策略和患者预后。
