Tejero Adrián, León-Navarro David Agustín, Martín Mairena
Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Institute of Biomedicine, Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Membranes (Basel). 2025 May 16;15(5):152. doi: 10.3390/membranes15050152.
L-Glutamate (L-Glu) and its salt derivatives are widely used in the food industry as flavor enhancers. Although the consumption of these compounds is generally considered safe, some studies suggest that chronically consuming L-Glu may be associated with various disorders. In this study, Wistar pregnant rats were treated daily with 1 g/L of L-Glu in their drinking water throughout the gestational period. OPA-1, DRP-1, and mitofusin 2-key proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion and fission-were analyzed by Western blot. The results showed that L-Glu exposure significantly decreased DRP-1 levels, while OPA-1 and mitofusin 2 levels were unaffected. This was accompanied by a notable decrease in mitochondrial complexes III and V. The activities of Mg-ATPase and Na/K-ATPase were also analyzed in fetal cerebellar plasma membranes. Maternal L-Glu intake significantly increased Mg-ATPase activity. Regarding Na/K-ATPase, the data showed that L-Glu exposure did not modulate the protein level or its activity. However, a positive interaction with glutamate receptors was observed in both activities, although neither AMPA nor NMDA receptors appeared to be involved. These results suggest that chronic maternal L-Glu intake during gestation modulates Mg-ATPase activity and protein markers of mitochondrial dynamics in the fetal cerebellum, which could affect neonatal development.
L-谷氨酸（L-Glu）及其盐衍生物作为增味剂在食品工业中被广泛使用。尽管这些化合物的食用通常被认为是安全的，但一些研究表明，长期食用L-Glu可能与各种疾病有关。在本研究中，Wistar怀孕大鼠在整个妊娠期每天饮用含1 g/L L-Glu的水。通过蛋白质印迹法分析了参与线粒体融合和分裂的关键蛋白OPA-1、DRP-1和线粒体融合蛋白2。结果表明，暴露于L-Glu显著降低了DRP-1水平，而OPA-1和线粒体融合蛋白2水平未受影响。这伴随着线粒体复合物III和V的显著减少。还分析了胎儿小脑质膜中Mg-ATP酶和Na/K-ATP酶的活性。母体摄入L-Glu显著增加了Mg-ATP酶活性。关于Na/K-ATP酶，数据表明，暴露于L-Glu并未调节其蛋白水平或活性。然而，在这两种活性中均观察到与谷氨酸受体的正向相互作用，尽管AMPA和NMDA受体似乎均未参与其中。这些结果表明，妊娠期母体长期摄入L-Glu会调节胎儿小脑中Mg-ATP酶活性和线粒体动力学的蛋白标志物，这可能会影响新生儿发育。
