Zhang Jianmei, Huang Xiaocheng, Guo Xiaofeng, Dong Luying, Yang Yachao, Ding Lijie
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The second hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Geriatrics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
Acta Diabetol. 2025 May 27. doi: 10.1007/s00592-025-02517-z.
Anemia is common in diabetes patients, but its prevalence in pre-diabetes remains under-researched. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the incidence of anemia and potential risk factors in individuals with impaired fasting glucose using health examination data.
A cohort of 7075 participants, all aged over 18 years and free of anemia at baseline, were included in this study to monitor the incidence of anemia through annual routine health check-ups. Cox regression models were used to estimate the age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios of each risk factor.
The incidence of anemia among patients with impaired fasting glucose was 7.04 (95%CI: 6.08-8.00) per 1000 person-years overall, with a gender-specific incidence of 4.24 (95%CI: 3.37-5.10) and 15.21 (95%CI: 12.45-18.02) per 1000 person-years in men and women. COX regression analysis identified that female, lower levels of TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, ALB, and alcohol drinking were associated with higher risk of anemia in individuals with impaired fasting glucose.
In individuals with impaired fasting glucose, anemia incidence differed by gender and age, being higher in women than men and surpassing that of the general Chinese population. Furthermore, lower levels of TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, ALB, and alcohol drinking were associated with higher risk of anemia in individuals with impaired fasting glucose.
贫血在糖尿病患者中很常见，但在糖尿病前期人群中的患病率仍研究不足。因此，我们旨在利用健康体检数据调查空腹血糖受损个体的贫血发生率及潜在危险因素。
本研究纳入了7075名参与者，均为18岁以上且基线时无贫血，通过年度常规健康检查监测贫血发生率。采用Cox回归模型估计各危险因素经年龄和性别调整后的风险比。
空腹血糖受损患者中贫血的总体发生率为每1000人年7.04（95%CI：6.08 - 8.00），男性和女性的性别特异性发生率分别为每1000人年4.24（95%CI：3.37 - 5.10）和15.21（95%CI：12.45 - 18.02）。COX回归分析确定，女性、较低水平的总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、白蛋白（ALB）以及饮酒与空腹血糖受损个体发生贫血的较高风险相关。
在空腹血糖受损个体中，贫血发生率因性别和年龄而异，女性高于男性，且超过中国普通人群。此外，较低水平的TC、LDL-C、ALT、AST、ALB以及饮酒与空腹血糖受损个体发生贫血的较高风险相关。
