Sharifi Vandad, Dimitropoulos Gina, Bahji Anees, Williams Jeanne V A, Pedram Pardis, Bulloch Andrew G M, Patten Scott B
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Can J Public Health. 2025 May 27. doi: 10.17269/s41997-025-01042-4.
This nationwide longitudinal study investigates the impact of neighbourhood deprivation on psychological well-being of Canadian adults.
Utilizing data from the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA) spanning 2016, 2018, and 2020, we included individuals aged 15 and above across Canada. The 2016 and 2020 samples comprised approximately 17,700 and 12,700 respondents, respectively. LISA data were paired to Neighbourhood Material and Social Deprivation data derived from Canada's 2016 Census. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler Scale (K-10), both dimensionally (score) and categorically (above the cut-point prevalence). Multi-level mixed-effects regressions were conducted, adjusting for individual-level variables.
At baseline, participants' mean age was 47.7 years (50.6% female), and higher social and material deprivation were associated with greater psychological distress. Longitudinally, psychological distress showed distinct temporal patterns based on the type of deprivation. Adjusted models revealed that residing in the most socially deprived neighbourhoods was linked to a greater increase in psychological distress scores over time as compared with the least socially deprived areas. Conversely, the highest degree of material deprivation showed a negative association with increasing distress, contrasting with the lowest material deprivation. A similar trend emerged regarding the prevalence of high psychological distress: in the most socially deprived neighbourhoods, there was an elevated prevalence over time, whereas the highest material deprivation was negatively associated with increasing prevalence.
This study supports the link between mental health and neighbourhood social deprivation, but differs from previous research regarding material deprivation. While material support remains crucial for disadvantaged communities, public health interventions should also address social deprivation.
这项全国性纵向研究调查了邻里贫困对加拿大成年人心理健康的影响。
利用2016年、2018年和2020年成人纵向和国际研究（LISA）的数据，我们纳入了加拿大15岁及以上的个体。2016年和2020年的样本分别包括约17,700名和12,700名受访者。LISA数据与来自加拿大2016年人口普查的邻里物质和社会剥夺数据进行了配对。使用凯斯勒量表（K-10）从维度（得分）和分类（切点患病率以上）两个方面评估心理困扰。进行了多层次混合效应回归，并对个体层面的变量进行了调整。
在基线时，参与者的平均年龄为47.7岁（50.6%为女性），较高的社会和物质剥夺与更大的心理困扰相关。纵向来看，心理困扰根据剥夺类型呈现出不同的时间模式。调整后的模型显示，与社会剥夺程度最低的地区相比，居住在社会剥夺程度最高的邻里与心理困扰得分随时间的更大增加有关。相反，物质剥夺程度最高的情况与困扰增加呈负相关，这与物质剥夺程度最低的情况形成对比。在高心理困扰患病率方面也出现了类似趋势：在社会剥夺程度最高的邻里中，患病率随时间升高，而物质剥夺程度最高的情况与患病率增加呈负相关。
本研究支持心理健康与邻里社会剥夺之间的联系，但在物质剥夺方面与先前的研究不同。虽然物质支持对弱势社区仍然至关重要，但公共卫生干预也应解决社会剥夺问题。
