Bondjers Kristina, Hyland Philip, Atar Dan, Christensen Jan Olav, Nilsen Kristian Bernhard, Reitan Solveig Klaebo, Rosseland Leiv Arne, Wentzel-Larsen Tore, Wøien Hilde, Zwart John Anker, Dyb Grete, Stensland Synne
Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 May 27;25(1):757. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12802-w.
While several cross-sectional studies have suggested high burnout levels among health-care workers (HCW) during the Covid-19 pandemic, fewer studies have examined longitudinal trajectories of burnout.
To examine (1) trajectories of change in levels of burnout among Norwegian HCW during a one-year period in the mid-phase of the Covid-19 pandemic (second, third, and fourth incidence rate peaks), and (2) how demographic and occupational variables, and pandemic-related experiences (e.g., own infection, severe infection in family, friend, or colleague, caring for deceased patient with Covid-19) were associated with such change.
Burnout was measured by the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Latent growth curve modeling was used to estimate trajectories of burnout symptoms, and predictors of starting point and rate of change in burnout levels.
Starting points of burnout scores were, on average, low-to-moderate. Women, younger HCW, those living alone, and nurses had higher initial scores. Overall, burnout scores remained mostly unchanged across the study period. However, lower burnout scores at the initial assessment were associated with increasing scores over time. Being exposed to patients with Covid-19 and having a Covid-19 infection were associated with increased burnout over time.
While burnout symptoms among frontline health workers remained stable across the peaks of the Covid-19 pandemic overall, the study identified higher risk of worsening symptoms over time among certain demographic (younger personnel, females, and nurses) and highly exposed individuals and groups. These findings may be helpful for identifying frontline workers at particular risk of burnout during future public health emergencies.
虽然几项横断面研究表明，在新冠疫情期间医护人员的倦怠水平较高，但较少有研究考察倦怠的纵向轨迹。
考察（1）在新冠疫情中期（第二、第三和第四发病率高峰）的一年时间里，挪威医护人员倦怠水平的变化轨迹，以及（2）人口统计学和职业变量，以及与疫情相关的经历（如自身感染、家人、朋友或同事的严重感染、照顾新冠死亡患者）如何与这种变化相关联。
使用哥本哈根倦怠量表测量倦怠。采用潜在增长曲线模型估计倦怠症状的轨迹，以及倦怠水平的起始点和变化率的预测因素。
倦怠得分的起始点平均为低到中等。女性、年轻医护人员、独居者和护士的初始得分较高。总体而言，在整个研究期间，倦怠得分大多保持不变。然而，初始评估时较低的倦怠得分与随时间增加的得分相关。接触新冠患者和感染新冠与随时间增加的倦怠相关。
虽然总体上在新冠疫情高峰期一线医护人员的倦怠症状保持稳定，但该研究确定，某些人口统计学特征（年轻人员、女性和护士）以及高暴露个体和群体随着时间推移症状恶化的风险更高。这些发现可能有助于识别未来公共卫生紧急情况期间特别有倦怠风险的一线工作人员。
