Division of Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2024 Nov;68(10):1426-1435. doi: 10.1111/aas.14504. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Burnout is frequent among intensive care unit (ICU) healthcare professionals and may result in medical errors and absenteeism. The COVID-19 pandemic caused additional strain during working hours and also affected off-duty life. The aims of this study were to survey burnout levels among ICU healthcare professionals during the first year of COVID-19, describe those who reported burnout, and analyse demographic and work-related factors associated with burnout.
This was a national prospective longitudinal cohort study of 484 nurses, physicians and leaders working in intensive care units with COVID-19 patients in Norway. Burnout was measured at 6- and 12-month follow-up, after a registration of baseline data during the first months of the COVID epidemic. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), was used (range 0-100), burnout caseness defined as CBI ≥50. Bi- and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine baseline demographic variables and work-related factors associated with burnout caseness at 12 months.
At 6 months, the median CBI score was 17, increasing to 21 at 12 months (p = .037), with nurses accounting for most of the increase. Thirty-two per cent had an increase in score of more than 5, whereas 25% had a decrease of more than 5. Ten per cent reported caseness of burnout at 6 months and 14% at 12 months (n.s.). The participants with burnout caseness were of significantly lower age, had fewer years of experience, reported more previous anxiety and/or depression, more moral distress, less perceived hospital recognition, and more fear of infection in the bivariate analyses. Burnout was the single standing most reported type of psychological distress, and 24 out of 41 (59%) with burnout caseness also reported caseness of anxiety, depression and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Multivariate analysis showed statistically significant associations of burnout caseness with fewer years of professional experience (p = .041) and borderline significance of perceived support by leader (p = .049).
In Norway, a minority of ICU nurses, physicians and leaders reported burnout 1 year into the pandemic. A majority of those with burnout reported anxiety, depression and/or PTSD symptoms combined. Burnout was associated with less years of professional experience.
重症监护病房（ICU）的医护人员经常出现倦怠，这可能导致医疗失误和旷工。COVID-19 大流行增加了工作时间的压力，也影响了下班时间。本研究的目的是调查 COVID-19 期间 ICU 医护人员的倦怠水平，描述报告倦怠的人群，并分析与倦怠相关的人口统计学和工作相关因素。
这是一项全国性前瞻性纵向队列研究，对挪威 484 名在 COVID-19 患者 ICU 工作的护士、医生和领导进行调查。在 COVID 流行的最初几个月登记基线数据后，在 6 个月和 12 个月的随访中测量倦怠。使用哥本哈根倦怠量表（CBI）（范围 0-100），CBI≥50 定义为倦怠病例。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，检查与 12 个月时倦怠病例相关的基线人口统计学变量和工作相关因素。
6 个月时，CBI 评分中位数为 17，12 个月时增加到 21（p=0.037），护士是增加的主要原因。32%的人得分增加超过 5，而 25%的人得分下降超过 5。6 个月时有 10%报告倦怠病例，12 个月时有 14%（无统计学意义）。倦怠病例组的年龄显著较低，工作年限较少，报告先前焦虑和/或抑郁、更多道德困境、较少医院认可、以及更多感染恐惧的比例更高。倦怠是报告最多的单一心理困扰类型，41 名报告倦怠病例的患者中有 24 名（59%）也报告焦虑、抑郁和/或创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状。多变量分析显示，倦怠病例与专业经验较少（p=0.041）和领导感知支持的边界显著性（p=0.049）有统计学显著关联。
在挪威，ICU 护士、医生和领导在大流行 1 年后报告倦怠的人数较少。大多数有倦怠的人报告焦虑、抑郁和/或 PTSD 症状。倦怠与专业经验较少有关。
