Laut Seavchou, Poapolathep Saranya, Sitthiangkool Pandaree, Klangkaew Narumol, Phaochoosak Napasorn, Giorgi Mario, Badillo Elena, Escudero Elisa, Marín Pedro, Poapolathep Amnart
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, 56112 Pisa, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2025 May 8;15(10):1363. doi: 10.3390/ani15101363.
This review aims to provide an overview of the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in crocodilian species, focusing on species-specific variations in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME), as well as the influence of environmental factors. A review of the available literature across crocodilian species reveals notable pharmacokinetic variability. Environmental influences, such as temperature and metabolic rate, are shown to impact these pharmacokinetic parameters significantly. Despite the frequent use of antibiotics in clinical and conservation settings, the lack of standardized dosing regimens presents risks of under- or over-dosing. This variability is compounded by limited research on species-specific drug metabolism and elimination processes. The review highlights the need for further pharmacokinetic studies to develop evidence-based dosing protocols, optimize therapeutic outcomes, and address concerns related to antimicrobial resistance. Future research should focus on filling the gaps in PK data to refine dosing strategies and ensure both efficacy and safety in crocodilian species.
本综述旨在概述鳄鱼物种中抗生素的药代动力学，重点关注药物吸收、分布、代谢和消除（ADME）方面的物种特异性差异，以及环境因素的影响。对现有鳄鱼物种文献的综述揭示了显著的药代动力学变异性。温度和代谢率等环境影响因素被证明会显著影响这些药代动力学参数。尽管抗生素在临床和保护环境中经常使用，但缺乏标准化的给药方案存在给药不足或过量的风险。物种特异性药物代谢和消除过程的研究有限，这使得这种变异性更加复杂。该综述强调需要进一步开展药代动力学研究，以制定基于证据的给药方案，优化治疗效果，并解决与抗菌药物耐药性相关的问题。未来的研究应专注于填补药代动力学数据的空白，以完善给药策略，并确保鳄鱼物种用药的有效性和安全性。
