ROMO1: A Distinct Mitochondrial Protein with Dual Roles in Dynamics and Function.

Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1) is a nuclear-encoded inner mitochondrial protein known for its dual role as a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a non-selective ion channel. Initially identified for its role in ROS production, ROMO1 has garnered attention for its functional properties as a non-selective ion channel that regulates ion homeostasis in mitochondria. This article examines ROMO1 from both perspectives, emphasizing its structural and functional characteristics, physiological roles, and implications in health and disease. Understanding ROMO1's dual functionality provides insight into its potential as a therapeutic target for oxidative stress-related disorders, especially cancer progression.