Zhou Yuan, Nie Xiaoqin, Zhao Yao, Zhang Liqiu, Cheng Yatian, Jiang Cancan, Zhao Wenbin, Wang Xiangchun, Yang Chao
Innovation Center for Ecology and Landscape Architecture Engineering Technology, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Beijing 100120, China.
China Urban Construction Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100120, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 May 7;14(5):515. doi: 10.3390/biology14050515.
The pyrolysis of sewage sludge into biochar, enhanced by incorporating agriculture waste rich in inorganic minerals and lignocellulosic compounds, provides an effective approach for achieving sludge-harmless treatment and resourceful utilization. In this study, sewage sludge and maize straw-based biochar (SMB) was prepared using the co-pyrolysis method, and the effects of different application ratios (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%, /) of SMB on soil properties, ryegrass growth, microbial community structure, and Pb content and speciation in the contaminated soil of constructed wetlands were investigated. The results showed that SMB had a high carbon content (28.58%) and was rich in functional groups (e.g., -C-O, -C-N). The results indicated that increasing SMB dosage (0-5% /) in Pb-contaminated soil elevated soil pH from 6.40 to 7.93, cation-exchange capacity (CEC) from 30.59 to 79.03 cmol/kg (+158%), and organic carbon content by 65% (from 176.79 mg/kg to 107.3 mg/kg), while reducing available phosphorus and potassium by 20% and 30%, respectively, resulting in a 6% decline in ryegrass leaf length. SMB application enriched Pb-resistant bacteria (e.g., abundance increased from 10.3% to 11.2%) and enhanced Pb immobilization. After 55 days, the total soil Pb increased by 33%, and the residual fraction Pb significantly increased by 7.3% to 21.7%, driven by functional group complexation, ion exchange, pH, and CEC improvements.
通过掺入富含无机矿物质和木质纤维素化合物的农业废弃物来强化污水污泥热解为生物炭，为实现污泥无害化处理和资源化利用提供了一种有效方法。本研究采用共热解方法制备了污水污泥与玉米秸秆基生物炭（SMB），并研究了不同施用量（0%、1%、3%和5%，/）的SMB对土壤性质、黑麦草生长、微生物群落结构以及人工湿地污染土壤中铅含量和形态的影响。结果表明，SMB碳含量高（28.58%），富含官能团（如-C-O、-C-N）。结果表明，在铅污染土壤中增加SMB施用量（0-5% /）可使土壤pH值从6.40升高至7.93，阳离子交换容量（CEC）从30.59 cmol/kg提高至79.03 cmol/kg（增加158%），有机碳含量提高65%（从176.79 mg/kg增至107.3 mg/kg），同时有效磷和钾分别减少20%和30%，导致黑麦草叶片长度下降6%。施用SMB使耐铅细菌富集（如 丰度从10.3%增至11.2%）并增强了铅的固定。55天后，由于官能团络合、离子交换、pH值和CEC的改善，土壤总铅增加了33%，残渣态铅显著增加7.3%至21.7%。
