Naaman Rouba Khalil, Alashmali Shoug, Bakhsh Manar Abduljalil, Alneami Shomookh Ahmed, Algamdi Elaf Saeed, Al-Ghamdi Ghaday Abdulwahab, Alqarni Shouq Mohammed
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 14;13(10):1140. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13101140.
: The adherence to a healthy lifestyle is important for supporting healthy cognitive function as aging progresses. This study aimed to assess the association between a healthy lifestyle, specifically diet quality, physical activity, and smoking, and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults. : A cross-sectional study was conducted among participants aged 45 and older with normal cognition. Participants' cognitive performance was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Dietary intake was assessed using a 24 h dietary recall, and diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Participants were categorized as unhealthy (score ≤ 1), average (score 2), and healthy (score 3). : In this study, a total of 176 participants were recruited, 46% of them were classified as unhealthy, 40% was average, and 14% as healthy. Participants in the unhealthy group had lower performance in the naming cognitive domain compared to the other groups ( = 0.01). Participants in the average group scored significantly lower than the other groups in the orientation domain ( = 0.02). Performing moderate and high physical activity levels were significantly associated with higher scores of MoCA ( = 0.04) and in the naming domain ( = 0.02). : Adopting a healthy lifestyle is associated with maintaining cognitive health among middle-aged and older adults, supporting the relevance of multidomain lifestyle interventions. Further longitudinal research is warranted to evaluate the long-term feasibility and effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in this population.
随着年龄增长，坚持健康的生活方式对于维持健康的认知功能至关重要。本研究旨在评估健康的生活方式，特别是饮食质量、身体活动和吸烟与中老年人群认知功能之间的关联。
对45岁及以上认知正常的参与者进行了一项横断面研究。使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评估参与者的认知表现。通过24小时饮食回顾评估饮食摄入量，并使用国际饮食质量指数（DQI-I）评估饮食质量。使用国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）评估身体活动情况。参与者被分为不健康组（得分≤1）、中等组（得分2）和健康组（得分3）。
在本研究中，共招募了176名参与者，其中46%被归类为不健康，40%为中等，14%为健康。与其他组相比，不健康组参与者在命名认知领域的表现较低（P = 0.01）。中等组参与者在定向领域的得分显著低于其他组（P = 0.02）。进行中等强度和高强度身体活动与MoCA得分较高（P = 0.04）以及命名领域得分较高（P = 0.02）显著相关。
采用健康的生活方式与中老年人群维持认知健康相关，这支持了多领域生活方式干预的相关性。有必要进行进一步的纵向研究，以评估生活方式干预在该人群中的长期可行性和有效性。
