Naaman Rouba Khalil, Alashmali Shoug, Bakhsh Manar Abduljalil, Muqaibil Asma Abdullah, Ghunaim Futooun Mohammed, Alattas Albatol Hussein
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK.
Nutr Neurosci. 2025 Jun;28(6):649-658. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2024.2404785. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a crucial role in maintaining and improving cognitive function and brain health. The aim of this study was to assess the association between omega-3 PUFA intake and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults in Saudi Arabia.
Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The frequency and quantity of omega-3 PUFA intake were assessed using an omega-3 food frequency questionnaire.
A total of 175 participants were recruited for this study. Participants in the lowest omega-3 PUFA tertile group scored significantly lower in the visuospatial/executive and attention cognitive domains ( < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, the higher intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) was significantly associated with higher scores in the visuospatial/executive domain ( = 0.02) and the higher intake of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was significantly associated with higher scores in the attention domain ( = 0.04). The participants who did not consume walnuts showed a significant lower MoCA score than those who did ( = 0.005). No significant differences were found with other omega-3 PUFA sources.
Higher intake of omega-3 PUFAs was positively associated with visuospatial/executive and attention cognitive functions in middle-aged and older adults.
ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）在维持和改善认知功能及脑健康方面发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯中老年人ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量与认知功能之间的关联。
使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评估认知功能。使用ω-3食物频率问卷评估ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入频率和数量。
本研究共招募了175名参与者。ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸最低三分位数组的参与者在视觉空间/执行和注意力认知领域得分显著较低（<0.05）。在对混杂因素进行调整后，α-亚麻酸（ALA）摄入量较高与视觉空间/执行领域得分较高显著相关（=0.02），二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）摄入量较高与注意力领域得分较高显著相关（=0.04）。未食用核桃的参与者的MoCA得分显著低于食用核桃的参与者（=0.005）。在其他ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸来源方面未发现显著差异。
较高的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量与中老年人的视觉空间/执行和注意力认知功能呈正相关。
