Wang Xiaoyan, Li Haojie, Chen Jiangang
School of Physical Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 May 16;12(5):535. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering12050535.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on lower limb muscle synergies during the single-leg hop test in martial artists after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
Twenty-four martial artists who underwent ACL reconstruction were recruited and performed a single-leg hop test under two conditions: with NMES (ES) and without NMES (CON). The ES condition involved using Compex SP 8.0 to deliver biphasic symmetrical wave stimulation. Jump performance metrics and electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded. Muscle synergies of the lower limbs were extracted using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to analyze patterns of muscle coordination.
Compared with the CON condition, the ES condition significantly reduced the jump time (0.13 ± 0.05 vs. 0.18 ± 0.09; F = 5.660; = 0.022) and significantly increased the contact time (0.53 ± 0.12 vs. 0.43 ± 0.21; F = 4.013; = 0.049). Muscle synergy analysis revealed three distinct synergy patterns under both conditions. For synergy pattern 1, compared with the CON condition, the muscle weightings of the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior muscles were significantly increased under the ES condition ( < 0.001). For synergy pattern 2, compared with the CON condition, the muscle weighting of the lateral gastrocnemius muscle was significantly increased under the ES condition ( < 0.001). Additionally, the activation timing of synergy pattern 2 was significantly reduced under the ES condition ( = 0.001).
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation enhances jump performance and alters muscle synergy patterns in martial artists after ACL reconstruction. The findings suggest that NMES can promote better lower limb muscle coordination during jumping tasks, potentially aiding in postoperative rehabilitation and performance optimization.
本研究旨在调查神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）对前交叉韧带（ACL）重建术后武术运动员单腿跳测试中下肢肌肉协同作用的影响。
招募24名接受ACL重建的武术运动员，并在两种条件下进行单腿跳测试：使用NMES（ES组）和不使用NMES（CON组）。ES组使用Compex SP 8.0进行双相对称波刺激。记录跳跃性能指标和肌电图（EMG）信号。使用非负矩阵分解（NMF）提取下肢肌肉协同作用，以分析肌肉协调模式。
与CON组相比，ES组显著缩短了跳跃时间（0.13±0.05 vs. 0.18±0.09；F = 5.660；P = 0.022），并显著增加了接触时间（0.53±0.12 vs. 0.43±0.21；F = 4.013；P = 0.049）。肌肉协同作用分析显示，两种条件下均有三种不同的协同作用模式。对于协同作用模式1，与CON组相比，ES组股直肌和胫骨前肌的肌肉权重显著增加（P < 0.001）。对于协同作用模式2，与CON组相比，ES组腓骨外侧肌的肌肉权重显著增加（P < 0.001）。此外，ES组协同作用模式2的激活时间显著缩短（P = 0.001）。
神经肌肉电刺激可提高ACL重建术后武术运动员的跳跃性能，并改变肌肉协同作用模式。研究结果表明，NMES可在跳跃任务中促进更好的下肢肌肉协调，可能有助于术后康复和性能优化。
