Association of , , , and Gene Variants with Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk in a Population from Cauca Department, Colombia.

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and dyslipidemia is a critical, modifiable risk factor.

AIM

We sought to evaluate the relationship between polymorphisms in (rs3764261), (rs662799), (rs1800796), and (Q192R) and lipid parameters, and to assess their contribution to dyslipidemia and overall cardiovascular risk in an urban cohort from Cauca, Colombia.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional observational study, 304 participants aged 40-69 years were enrolled. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected, and genotyping was performed for the four target polymorphisms. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the sample, non-parametric tests to compare lipid levels by genotype, and multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors of dyslipidemia.

RESULTS

Individuals with dyslipidemia exhibited significantly higher total cholesterol and VLDL levels, lower HDL levels, and an elevated Castelli II index compared with the non-dyslipidemia group. Although genotype frequencies differed between groups, only the rs662799 variant was significantly associated with increased VLDL levels, suggesting its potential role as a genetic biomarker of cardiovascular risk.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings underscore the interplay between metabolic factors and genetic variants in the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia. Notably, the rs662799 polymorphism emerged as a key determinant of VLDL concentration, highlighting its promise for personalized cardiovascular risk stratification and management in this population.