Lesjak Vesna, Kocet Laura
Radiology Department, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 May 21;61(5):934. doi: 10.3390/medicina61050934.
To examine individual-level sex differences in traditional and non-traditional risk factors and their potential effects on the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 208 patients with a low-to-intermediate pretest probability of CAD, referred to a Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) at the Department of Radiology, Maribor University Medical Centre, from January 2022 to January 2024. CCTA-derived EAT (epicardial adipose tissue) attenuation and CAC (coronary artery calcification) values were measured. The association between CAD, EAT, and risk factors was analyzed by sex, using correlation analysis and multivariate regression. In the results obtained using the univariate logistic regression model, age (OR 1.122, < 0.001) and hypertension (OR 4.087, = 0.048) were significantly associated with the presence of obstructive CAD in women, while in men, age (OR 1.052, = 0.008), hypercholesterolemia (OR 3.765, = 0.042), and EAT attenuation (OR 1.053, = 0.011) were significant factors. In results obtained using the multivariable logistic regression analysis model, EAT attenuation was found to be significantly associated with the presence of obstructive CAD in men (OR 1.087, = 0.012), and age was a significant factor in women (OR =1.108, = 0.033), while hypertension, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, angina pectoris, and smoking were not. In the sex-specific multivariable logistic regression analysis model, EAT attenuation was significantly associated with obstructive CAD in men, while in women, it was associated with age. EAT may function as a beneficial alternative indicator in identifying patients with CAD.
研究传统和非传统风险因素中个体层面的性别差异及其对冠状动脉疾病（CAD）严重程度的潜在影响。对208例CAD预测试概率为低至中度的患者进行了横断面分析，这些患者于2022年1月至2024年1月被转诊至马里博尔大学医学中心放射科进行冠状动脉CT血管造影（CCTA）检查。测量了CCTA衍生的心外膜脂肪组织（EAT）衰减和冠状动脉钙化（CAC）值。采用相关性分析和多变量回归，按性别分析CAD、EAT和风险因素之间的关联。在单变量逻辑回归模型的结果中，年龄（OR 1.122，<0.001）和高血压（OR 4.087，=0.048）与女性阻塞性CAD的存在显著相关，而在男性中，年龄（OR 1.052，=0.008）、高胆固醇血症（OR 3.765，=0.042）和EAT衰减（OR 1.053，=0.011）是显著因素。在多变量逻辑回归分析模型的结果中，发现EAT衰减与男性阻塞性CAD的存在显著相关（OR 1.087，=0.012），年龄是女性的显著因素（OR =1.108，=0.033），而高血压、体重指数（BMI）、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、心绞痛和吸烟则不然。在性别特异性多变量逻辑回归分析模型中，EAT衰减与男性阻塞性CAD显著相关，而在女性中，它与年龄相关。EAT可能作为识别CAD患者的有益替代指标。
