青少年中的抑郁、焦虑和自杀：性别差异与未来展望
Depression, Anxiety, and Suicide Among Adolescents: Sex Differences and Future Perspectives.
作者信息
Toro Giovana V R, Arias Paula, de la Torre-Luque Alejandro, Singer Jonathan B, Lagunas Natalia
机构信息
Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
School of Social Work, Loyola University Chicago, Maguire Hall, 5th Floor, 820 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
出版信息
J Clin Med. 2025 May 15;14(10):3446. doi: 10.3390/jcm14103446.
Depression and anxiety are two disorders that significantly increase the risk of suicidal behavior. The disparity between females and males in the prevalence of these disorders becomes more pronounced from adolescence onwards. Specifically, risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in adolescent females are often linked to anxiety and depression, whereas in males, these behaviors are more frequently associated with other types of disorders, such as disruptive behavior. Furthermore, there are notable sex differences in the efficacy and acceptance of treatments aimed at preventing suicidal behavior. This review examines the sex differences in the relationship between depression, anxiety disorders, and suicidal risk in adolescents. Specifically, it aims to identify key risk factors influencing suicide vulnerability across sexes and assess the efficacy of current treatment approaches in mitigating these sex specific risks.
抑郁症和焦虑症是两种会显著增加自杀行为风险的疾病。从青春期开始，这两种疾病在女性和男性中的患病率差异变得更加明显。具体而言，与青少年女性自杀行为相关的风险因素通常与焦虑和抑郁有关，而在男性中，这些行为更常与其他类型的疾病相关，如破坏性行为。此外，旨在预防自杀行为的治疗方法在疗效和接受度方面存在显著的性别差异。本综述探讨了青少年抑郁症、焦虑症与自杀风险之间关系的性别差异。具体而言，其目的是确定影响不同性别人群自杀易感性的关键风险因素，并评估当前治疗方法在减轻这些性别特异性风险方面的疗效。
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