Bednarczuk Grzegorz, Bandura Wiktoria, Rutkowska Izabela, Starczewski Michal
Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 May 16;14(10):3483. doi: 10.3390/jcm14103483.
Visual impairment significantly affects balance and motor skills in children, often leading to postural instability and locomotor difficulties, thereby affecting lifestyle and general health. The aim of this study was to assess balance level and fundamental motor skills in the locomotion of youth with regard to their level of visual impairment. The pilot study included 25 physically active young people with visual impairments, divided into three groups (B1, B2, B3) based on the severity of impairment. Balance was assessed using the AMTI AccuSway platform, both with eyes open and eyes closed. Locomotor skills were evaluated using the TGMD-3. Statistical analysis involved Kruskal-Wallis, ANOVA, and correlation tests. Significant differences in balance were found between the B1 and B2 groups, with poorer balance in individuals with more severe visual impairments, particularly in static conditions. No significant differences in locomotor skills were observed between groups. However, girls performed better in balance tests, particularly with eyes closed. A positive correlation was found between balance and locomotor skills in the B2 and B3 groups. Visual impairment negatively impacts balance, particularly in individuals with more severe impairments. However, no significant differences were found in locomotor skills between the groups. Regular physical activity supports motor development. Targeted interventions are necessary to improve balance and locomotor skills, especially in children with more severe visual impairments.
视力障碍会显著影响儿童的平衡和运动技能，常常导致姿势不稳和运动困难，进而影响生活方式和总体健康。本研究的目的是评估视力受损青少年在运动方面的平衡水平和基本运动技能。这项初步研究纳入了25名身体活跃的视力受损年轻人，根据受损严重程度分为三组（B1、B2、B3）。使用AMTI AccuSway平台在睁眼和闭眼状态下评估平衡。使用TGMD - 3评估运动技能。统计分析包括Kruskal - Wallis检验、方差分析和相关性检验。在B1组和B2组之间发现了平衡方面的显著差异，视力受损更严重的个体平衡更差，尤其是在静态条件下。各小组之间在运动技能方面未观察到显著差异。然而，女孩在平衡测试中表现更好，尤其是在闭眼状态下。在B2组和B3组中，平衡与运动技能之间存在正相关。视力障碍对平衡有负面影响，尤其是在受损更严重的个体中。然而，各小组之间在运动技能方面未发现显著差异。定期进行体育活动有助于运动发展。有必要采取针对性干预措施来改善平衡和运动技能，特别是对于视力受损更严重的儿童。
