Czpakowska Joanna, Głąbiński Andrzej, Szpakowski Piotr
Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 14;26(10):4676. doi: 10.3390/ijms26104676.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all types of cells. Their release allows for the transport of specific regulatory cargo into the recipient cells and the modulation of their activity. Vesicular communication has also been identified as an important mechanism for the regulation of numerous cellular activities in the brain tissue, contributing to proper neuronal functions and brain homeostasis. In this work, we focus on the role of exosomes and extracellular vesicles in the communication between astrocytes and brain endothelial cells, two major components of the blood-brain barrier. We perform a comprehensive review of the latest studies highlighting the role of exosomes in astrocyte-endothelial cell crosstalk within the blood-brain barrier. We have also described the role of particular exosomal miRNAs in the regulation of astrocytes and brain endothelial cell functions, and discuss some future implications.
外泌体是几乎所有类型细胞分泌的细胞外囊泡。它们的释放使得特定的调节性物质能够运输到受体细胞中，并调节其活性。囊泡通讯也被认为是调节脑组织中众多细胞活动的重要机制，有助于神经元功能的正常发挥和脑内稳态。在这项工作中，我们聚焦于外泌体和细胞外囊泡在星形胶质细胞与脑内皮细胞（血脑屏障的两个主要组成部分）之间通讯中的作用。我们对最新研究进行了全面综述，突出了外泌体在血脑屏障内星形胶质细胞 - 内皮细胞相互作用中的作用。我们还描述了特定外泌体 miRNA 在调节星形胶质细胞和脑内皮细胞功能中的作用，并讨论了一些未来的研究方向。
