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抗阻训练对健康老年人肌肉减少症风险的影响:生理机制的范围综述

Effects of Resistance Training on Sarcopenia Risk Among Healthy Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Physiological Mechanisms.

作者信息

Govindasamy Karuppasamy, Rao Chythra R, Chandrasekaran Baskaran, Parpa Koulla, Granacher Urs

机构信息

Department of Sports, Recreation and Wellness, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Hyderabad Campus, Modallaguda (V), Nandigama (M), Rangareddy 509217, Telangana, India.

Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College and Hospitals Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.

出版信息

Life (Basel). 2025 Apr 23;15(5):688. doi: 10.3390/life15050688.

Abstract

Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, significantly increases health risks in healthy older adults. Resistance training (RT) is believed to counteract sarcopenia through a variety of physiological mechanisms, many of which remain underexplored by public health and physiotherapy professionals. This scoping review aims to consolidate studies that have explored RT programs in mitigating sarcopenia among healthy older adults. A systematic search in four knowledge databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Complete) was conducted on 30 April 2024 to consolidate the evidence of RT programs to mitigate sarcopenia risk among healthy older adults. Two reviewers independently screened, consolidated, and synthesized the results based on the Arksey and O'Malley framework. We included 36 studies supporting the RT program for reducing sarcopenia risk among healthy older people. Current evidence, predominantly derived from studies with high selection bias and non-randomized designs, indicates that RT programs may enhance muscle strength in healthy older adults. However, their impact on muscle morphology and mobility appears less pronounced. The dosage and intensity of RT are critical factors influencing these health outcomes. To substantiate the health benefits of RT in healthy older adults and facilitate the translation of research findings into policy-level recommendations, further high-quality, randomized controlled trials are warranted.

摘要

肌肉减少症以肌肉质量和力量的逐渐丧失为特征,会显著增加健康老年人的健康风险。抗阻训练(RT)被认为可通过多种生理机制对抗肌肉减少症,其中许多机制仍未得到公共卫生和物理治疗专业人员的充分探索。本综述旨在整合探索抗阻训练计划对健康老年人肌肉减少症缓解作用的研究。2024年4月30日,我们在四个知识数据库(科学网、Scopus、Embase、护理及相关健康科学累积索引完整版)中进行了系统检索,以整合抗阻训练计划降低健康老年人肌肉减少症风险的证据。两名评审员根据阿克西和奥马利框架独立筛选、汇总并综合了结果。我们纳入了36项支持抗阻训练计划可降低健康老年人肌肉减少症风险的研究。目前的证据主要来自具有高选择偏倚和非随机设计的研究,表明抗阻训练计划可能会增强健康老年人的肌肉力量。然而,它们对肌肉形态和活动能力的影响似乎不太明显。抗阻训练的剂量和强度是影响这些健康结果的关键因素。为了证实抗阻训练对健康老年人的健康益处,并促进将研究结果转化为政策层面的建议,有必要进行进一步的高质量随机对照试验。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fa43/12112962/2692379d6b6e/life-15-00688-g001.jpg

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