Li Jiayu, Cai Chuanchen, Li Yuechen, Ma Changbiao, Gámez-Valenzuela Sergio, Liu Yixiao, Li Jianfeng, Wang Xiaochen, Li Yongfang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 18;17(10):1386. doi: 10.3390/polym17101386.
Solid additive engineering is a well-established and effective strategy for enhancing active layer morphology in polymer solar cells (PSCs), thereby improving their power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the availability of effective solid additive molecules remains limited, especially those combining simple structural units with a large dipole moment to promote strong interactions with active materials. In this study, we introduce 4-iodobenzonitrile (IBZN), a commercially available, low-cost, and structurally simple molecule with a high dipole moment (3.33 debye), as a solid additive for PSCs. Theoretical calculations, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy experiments, and a morphology analysis demonstrate that IBZN forms strong interactions with L8-BO, subsequently enhancing the packing mode and crystallization. The incorporation of IBZN into PM6:L8-BO-based PSCs resulted in an increased fill factor (FF) of 79.54% and a boosted PCE from 17.49% to 18.77%. Furthermore, IBZN has also demonstrated outstanding regulatory effects in systems based on other Y-series acceptors, such as Y6 and BTP-ec9. This study not only introduces a structurally simple solid additive molecule characterized by a large dipole moment but also offers valuable insights for the subsequent development of novel solid additives aimed at enhancing the morphology and efficiency of PSCs.
固态添加剂工程是一种成熟且有效的策略，用于改善聚合物太阳能电池（PSC）中活性层的形态，从而提高其功率转换效率（PCE）。然而，有效的固态添加剂分子的种类仍然有限，尤其是那些将简单结构单元与大偶极矩相结合以促进与活性材料发生强相互作用的分子。在本研究中，我们引入了4-碘苯甲腈（IBZN），一种市售的、低成本且结构简单的分子，其具有高偶极矩（3.33德拜），作为PSC的固态添加剂。理论计算、紫外可见（UV-Vis）光谱实验和形态分析表明，IBZN与L8-BO形成强相互作用，随后增强了堆积模式和结晶度。将IBZN掺入基于PM6:L8-BO的PSC中，填充因子（FF）提高到79.54%，PCE从17.49%提高到18.77%。此外，IBZN在基于其他Y系列受体（如Y6和BTP-ec9）的体系中也表现出出色的调控效果。本研究不仅引入了一种具有大偶极矩的结构简单的固态添加剂分子，还为后续开发旨在改善PSC形态和效率的新型固态添加剂提供了有价值的见解。
