Wei Chenjie, Feng Lin, Deng Xianhe, Li Yajun, Mei Hongcheng, Guo Hongling, Zhu Jun, Hu Can
School of Investigation, Peoples' Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China.
Insititute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 20;17(10):1410. doi: 10.3390/polym17101410.
The detection of explosives is highly important for the investigation of explosion cases and public safety management. However, the detection of trace explosive residues in complex matrices remains a major challenge. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which mimic the antigen-antibody recognition mechanism, can selectively recognize and bind target explosive molecules. They offer advantages such as high efficiency, specificity, renewability, and ease of preparation, and they have shown significant potential for the efficient extraction and highly sensitive detection of trace explosive residues in complex matrices. This review comprehensively discusses the applications of MIPs in the analysis of explosives; systematically summarizes the preparation methods; and evaluates their performance in detecting nitroaromatic explosives, nitrate esters, nitroamine explosives, and peroxide explosives. Finally, this review explores the future potential of emerging technologies in enhancing the MIP-based analysis of explosives. The aim is to support the further application of MIPs in the investigation of explosion cases and safety management, providing more effective technical solutions for public safety.
爆炸物的检测对于爆炸案件的调查和公共安全管理至关重要。然而，在复杂基质中检测痕量爆炸物残留仍然是一项重大挑战。分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）模仿抗原-抗体识别机制，能够选择性地识别并结合目标爆炸物分子。它们具有高效、特异、可再生以及易于制备等优点，并且在复杂基质中痕量爆炸物残留的高效萃取和高灵敏检测方面显示出巨大潜力。本文综述全面讨论了MIPs在爆炸物分析中的应用；系统总结了制备方法；并评估了它们在检测硝基芳香族爆炸物、硝酸酯、硝基胺爆炸物和过氧化物爆炸物方面的性能。最后，本文综述探讨了新兴技术在增强基于MIPs的爆炸物分析方面的未来潜力。目的是支持MIPs在爆炸案件调查和安全管理中的进一步应用，为公共安全提供更有效的技术解决方案。
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