Kaspute Greta, Zebrauskas Arunas, Streckyte Akvile, Ivaskiene Tatjana, Prentice Urte
State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu St. 5, LT-08410 Vilnius, Lithuania.
State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 May 15;17(5):648. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17050648.
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical public health threat, with increasing resistance compromising the effectiveness of treatments worldwide. Resistance trends, such as fluctuating benzylpenicillin resistance in , highlight the growing urgency, with projections indicating a rise in resistance to various antibiotics, including complete resistance to gentamicin and tetracycline by 2027. Despite substantial efforts to develop new antibiotics and drug delivery systems, these approaches must undergo rigorous clinical evaluation to ensure their safety and efficacy. In parallel, alternative therapies, such as phytotherapy and apitherapy, have garnered attention for their potential in combating infections. Natural substances like tea tree essential oils and propolis, which exhibit antimicrobial properties, are being increasingly incorporated into novel drug delivery systems. However, much of the research on these materials is not new, with several studies already exploring their effectiveness. To address the escalating AMR crisis, combining advanced therapies with alternative medicine could offer a promising solution. Advanced therapy products could target bacterial genomes and enhance the effectiveness of antibiotics and natural substances. This integrated approach remains underexplored in pre-clinical and clinical trials, presenting future research opportunities to develop more effective strategies in combating AMR. Given the rapid spread of resistant infections, there is an urgent need for innovative antimicrobial agents to overcome emerging resistance mechanisms and improve diagnoses and treatments.
细菌抗菌耐药性（AMR）是对公共卫生的一项重大威胁，耐药性不断增加，削弱了全球治疗的有效性。耐药趋势，如[具体情况]中苄青霉素耐药性的波动，凸显了日益增长的紧迫性，预测表明对各种抗生素的耐药性将会上升，包括到2027年对庆大霉素和四环素的完全耐药。尽管在开发新抗生素和药物递送系统方面付出了巨大努力，但这些方法必须经过严格的临床评估，以确保其安全性和有效性。与此同时，诸如植物疗法和蜂疗等替代疗法因其在对抗感染方面的潜力而受到关注。具有抗菌特性的天然物质，如茶树精油和蜂胶，正越来越多地被纳入新型药物递送系统。然而，关于这些材料的许多研究并非新的，已有多项研究探索过它们的有效性。为应对不断升级的AMR危机，将先进疗法与替代医学相结合可能会提供一个有前景的解决方案。先进治疗产品可以靶向细菌基因组，并提高抗生素和天然物质的有效性。这种综合方法在临床前和临床试验中仍未得到充分探索，为开发更有效的抗AMR策略提供了未来的研究机会。鉴于耐药感染的迅速传播，迫切需要创新的抗菌剂来克服新出现的耐药机制，并改善诊断和治疗。
