Zhao De-Zhi, Yang Rui-Lin, Wei Han-Xiao, Yang Kang, Yang Yi-Bing, Wang Nuo-Xin, Zhang Qian, Chen Fang, Zhang Tao
Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Department of Human Anatomy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Jan 3;15:1449411. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1449411. eCollection 2024.
Periodontal disease is a highly prevalent disease worldwide that seriously affects people's oral health, including gingivitis and periodontitis. Although the current treatment of periodontal disease can achieve good control of inflammation, it is difficult to regenerate the periodontal supporting tissues to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect. In recent years, due to the good tissue regeneration ability, the research on Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes has been gradually deepened, especially its ability to interact with the microenvironment of the body in the complex immunoregulatory network, which has led to many new perspectives on the therapeutic strategies for many diseases. This paper systematically reviews the immunomodulatory (including bone immunomodulation) properties of MSCs and their role in the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment, summarizes the pathways and mechanisms by which MSCs and MSC-EVs have promoted periodontal regeneration in recent years, lists potential areas for future research, and describes the issues that should be considered in future basic research and the direction of development of "cell-free therapies" for periodontal regeneration.
牙周病是一种在全球范围内高度流行的疾病，严重影响人们的口腔健康，包括牙龈炎和牙周炎。尽管目前对牙周病的治疗可以很好地控制炎症，但难以使牙周支持组织再生以达到令人满意的治疗效果。近年来，由于间充质基质/干细胞（MSCs）和MSC衍生外泌体具有良好的组织再生能力，对它们的研究逐渐深入，尤其是其在复杂免疫调节网络中与机体微环境相互作用的能力，这为许多疾病的治疗策略带来了许多新观点。本文系统综述了MSCs的免疫调节（包括骨免疫调节）特性及其在牙周炎炎症微环境中的作用，总结了近年来MSCs和MSC-EVs促进牙周再生的途径和机制，列出了未来潜在的研究领域，并描述了未来基础研究应考虑的问题以及牙周再生“无细胞疗法”的发展方向。
