Bawankar Neha Sunil, Gedam Dilip Shrirang, Meshram Prashant P, Bhise Swati M, Kapse Nitin S, Madavi Sunil L, Bahirwar Narendra M, Chavhan Vinod S, Tyadi Aditi A
Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
District Training Center, District Health Office, Gondia, Maharashtra, India.
Trop Parasitol. 2025 Jan-Jun;15(1):25-32. doi: 10.4103/tp.tp_52_24. Epub 2025 Apr 5.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Outside of Africa, India is the main contributor to malaria-related morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia. This retrospective study included 6 years of malaria data (2018-2023) from three districts in Maharashtra: Gadchiroli, Gondia, and Nagpur. The study examines the patterns of malaria, the distribution of species, and the effects of malaria control efforts under the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP).
Six years of data on all malaria indicators collected under NVBDCP were taken from the respective districts. The sociocultural behavior of the population was analyzed by visiting the study area.
Gadchiroli, primarily a hilly/tribal area, had the highest number of malaria cases, with the slide positivity rate (SPR) and annual parasite index reaching their peak in 2021. On the other hand, Gondia and Nagpur had consistently low levels of malaria transmission, with minimal fluctuations in key epidemiological indicators. The analysis demonstrates the significant differences in malaria transmission across various landscapes, with the highest SPR observed in tribal and hilly areas, followed by rural areas, and the lowest in urban regions. was the dominant species in Gadchiroli and Gondia, while was more prevalent in urban areas of Nagpur.
The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions in high-risk areas, especially in tribal regions, where sociocultural factors and ecological conditions contribute to sustained transmission. The findings highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance, culturally sensitive education, and advanced diagnostic tools to eliminate malaria in India by 2030.
背景/目的：在非洲以外地区，印度是东南亚疟疾相关发病和死亡的主要贡献者。这项回顾性研究纳入了来自马哈拉施特拉邦三个地区（加德奇罗利、贡迪亚和那格浦尔）的6年疟疾数据（2018 - 2023年）。该研究考察了疟疾模式、物种分布以及国家媒介传播疾病控制计划（NVBDCP）下疟疾控制措施的效果。
从各个地区获取了NVBDCP收集的关于所有疟疾指标的6年数据。通过走访研究区域分析了当地人群的社会文化行为。
加德奇罗利主要是一个山区/部落地区，疟疾病例数最多，玻片阳性率（SPR）和年度寄生虫指数在2021年达到峰值。另一方面，贡迪亚和那格浦尔的疟疾传播水平一直较低，关键流行病学指标波动极小。分析表明，不同地貌的疟疾传播存在显著差异，部落和山区的SPR最高，其次是农村地区，城市地区最低。[此处原文可能有遗漏物种名称未翻译完整的情况]是加德奇罗利和贡迪亚的优势物种，而[此处原文可能有遗漏物种名称未翻译完整的情况]在那格浦尔的城市地区更为普遍。
该研究强调了在高风险地区，特别是在部落地区进行有针对性干预的必要性，在这些地区，社会文化因素和生态条件导致疟疾持续传播。研究结果凸显了持续监测、具有文化敏感性的教育以及先进诊断工具对于在2030年前消除印度疟疾的重要性。
