Li Zekun, Liu Luyun, Sun Yuhui, Liu Xinjuan, Zhang Ping, Wang Yue, Ding Gang
School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Baotong West Street No. 7166, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.
Hum Cell. 2025 May 28;38(4):111. doi: 10.1007/s13577-025-01243-6.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract caused by dysfunction of the immune system in genetically susceptible individuals. As current pharmacologic and surgical treatments remain suboptimal, increasing attention has been directed toward exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as alternative therapeutic approaches. MSCs are multipotent stromal cells that can be isolated from various human tissues such as bone marrow, adipose, umbilical cord and periodontal ligament. Exosomes are cell-derived membrane-bound vesicles enclosing RNAs, proteins, growth factors, and cytokines. Previous studies indicate that the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and regenerative effects of MSCs are largely mediated by MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos). Therefore, this review outlines current insights into the molecular mechanisms of MSC-Exos in IBD treatment to support the future development of MSC-Exos as a therapeutic strategy, thus providing novel observations into the clinical applications of MSC-Exos in IBD management.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种胃肠道慢性炎症性疾病，由遗传易感个体的免疫系统功能障碍引起。由于目前的药物和手术治疗效果仍不理想，人们越来越关注间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）来源的外泌体作为替代治疗方法。MSC是多能基质细胞，可以从各种人体组织中分离出来，如骨髓、脂肪、脐带和牙周韧带。外泌体是细胞来源的膜结合囊泡，包裹着RNA、蛋白质、生长因子和细胞因子。先前的研究表明，MSC的抗炎、免疫调节和再生作用在很大程度上是由MSC来源的外泌体（MSC-Exos）介导的。因此，本综述概述了目前对MSC-Exos治疗IBD分子机制的见解，以支持MSC-Exos作为一种治疗策略的未来发展，从而为MSC-Exos在IBD管理中的临床应用提供新的观察结果。
