Zafari Jaber, Sadeghi Hanieh, Abbasinia Hossein, Najjar Nabaa, Jamali Saeid, Javani Jouni Fatemeh
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TeMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2025 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s11626-025-01051-0.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects over 90% of diabetic patients and is characterized by insulin resistance (IR), primarily due to impaired GLUT4 function and abnormalities in insulin signaling within adipose and skeletal muscle cells. Dysfunctional adipose tissue elevates triglyceride and fatty acid levels, worsening IR. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), which employs low-power light, has emerged as a potential treatment by enhancing glucose metabolism and reducing inflammation through the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Key factors influencing IR include FOXO1, GFAT-2, and PTP1B, which play significant roles in insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. In this study, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in high glucose DMEM with FBS and antibiotics, with differentiation induced using dexamethasone and insulin, followed by laser treatment. The viability of preadipocytes and adipocytes was assessed using the MTT assay, while oil red O staining quantified lipid droplet formation. An insulin resistance model was established, and glucose levels and gene expression were analyzed through qRT-PCR. The findings indicated that PBMT did not adversely affect cell viability and significantly reduced triglyceride levels and glucose uptake in IR models. Additionally, PBMT altered gene expression related to adipogenesis, suggesting its potential in managing IR and adipocyte function. Overall, while the mechanisms of PBMT require further investigation, the therapy shows promise in alleviating insulin resistance and its associated metabolic consequences.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）影响着超过90%的糖尿病患者，其特征为胰岛素抵抗（IR），主要是由于GLUT4功能受损以及脂肪和骨骼肌细胞内胰岛素信号传导异常。功能失调的脂肪组织会提高甘油三酯和脂肪酸水平，使胰岛素抵抗恶化。采用低功率光的光生物调节疗法（PBMT）已成为一种潜在的治疗方法，它通过激活PI3K/AKT信号通路来增强葡萄糖代谢并减轻炎症。影响胰岛素抵抗的关键因素包括FOXO1、GFAT-2和PTP1B，它们在胰岛素信号传导和葡萄糖稳态中发挥着重要作用。在本研究中，将3T3-L1前脂肪细胞在含有胎牛血清和抗生素的高糖DMEM中培养，用地塞米松和胰岛素诱导分化，随后进行激光治疗。使用MTT法评估前脂肪细胞和脂肪细胞的活力，用油红O染色对脂滴形成进行定量。建立胰岛素抵抗模型，并通过qRT-PCR分析葡萄糖水平和基因表达。研究结果表明，PBMT不会对细胞活力产生不利影响，并且在胰岛素抵抗模型中显著降低了甘油三酯水平和葡萄糖摄取。此外，PBMT改变了与脂肪生成相关的基因表达，表明其在管理胰岛素抵抗和脂肪细胞功能方面具有潜力。总体而言，虽然PBMT的作用机制需要进一步研究，但该疗法在减轻胰岛素抵抗及其相关代谢后果方面显示出前景。
