Chang Hui, Yu Zengli, Zhao Yuanfang, Zhang Xiaoan, Zhao Xin, Huang Cunrui, Zhang Huanhuan
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, China.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 May 28;25(1):623. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07678-x.
Effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) chemical constituents on preterm birth (PTB) are inconclusive. We performed a sibling-matched cohort study to explore the association between PM constituents and the risk of PTB. Changes in PM and the constituents (ΔPM ΔOC, ΔBC, ΔSO, ΔNH, ΔNO) were calculated as the value at a follow-up pregnancy minus exposures in prior pregnancy. A fixed-effect regression model was used to determine the association of the within-group variation in PM total mass and constituents with PTB risk. Gestational age differences within matched siblings were also treated as outcomes. A total of 62,334 sibling pairs were analyzed. We observed that each 10 μg/m increase in ΔPM in first, second, and third trimester were not statistically significant associated with the risk of PTB, but shortened gestational age was observed, with -0.009 week (95% CI: -0.013, -0.005), -0.005 (95% CI: -0.008, -0.002), -0.012 (95%CI: -0.015, -0.008) and -0.019 week (95% CI: -0.026, -0.012) decrease in first, second, third and whole pregnancy. Our findings indicate that increase in ambient PM constituents was associated with a shorten gestational age. This study added a novel cohort evidence for the association of changes of PM components with gestational age.
环境细颗粒物（PM）化学成分对早产（PTB）的影响尚无定论。我们进行了一项同胞匹配队列研究，以探讨PM成分与PTB风险之间的关联。PM及其成分（ΔPM、ΔOC、ΔBC、ΔSO、ΔNH、ΔNO）的变化计算为随访妊娠时的值减去先前妊娠时的暴露值。采用固定效应回归模型来确定PM总质量和成分的组内变化与PTB风险之间的关联。匹配同胞内的孕周差异也作为结果进行分析。共分析了62334对同胞。我们观察到，在孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期，ΔPM每增加10μg/m³与PTB风险无统计学显著关联，但观察到孕周缩短，孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期和整个孕期分别缩短-0.009周（95%CI：-0.013，-0.005）、-0.005（95%CI：-0.008，-0.002）、-0.012（95%CI：-0.015，-0.008）和-0.019周（95%CI：-0.026，-0.012）。我们的研究结果表明，环境PM成分增加与孕周缩短有关。本研究为PM成分变化与孕周之间的关联增加了新的队列证据。
