Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2023 Oct;131(10):107012. doi: 10.1289/EHP12196. Epub 2023 Oct 25.
Although many studies have linked prenatal exposure to to adverse birth outcomes, little is known about the effects of exposure to specific constituents of or mechanisms that contribute to these outcomes.
Our objective was to investigate effects of oxidative potential and metal components from non-exhaust traffic emissions, such as brake and tire wear, on the risk of preterm birth (PTB) and term low birth weight (TLBW).
For a birth cohort of 285,614 singletons born in Los Angeles County, California, in the period 2017-2019, we estimated speciated exposures modeled from land use regression with cokriging, including brake and tire wear related metals (barium and zinc), black carbon, and three markers of oxidative potential (OP), including modeled reactive oxygen species based on measured iron and copper (ROS), OH formation (), and dithiothreitol (DTT) loss (). Using logistic regression, we estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PTB and TLBW with speciated exposures and mass as continuous variables scaled by their interquartile range (IQR).
For both metals and oxidative potential metrics, we estimated increased risks for PTB (ORs ranging from 1.01 to 1.03) and TLBW (ORs ranging from 1.02 to 1.05) per IQR exposure increment that were robust to adjustment for mass. Associations for mass, black carbon, metal components, and oxidative potential (especially ROS and ) with adverse birth outcomes were stronger in Hispanic, Black, and mixed-race or Native American women.
Our results indicate that exposure to metals from brake and tire wear and particle components that contribute to oxidative potential were associated with an increased risk of PTB and TLBW in Los Angeles County, particularly among Hispanic, Black, and mixed-race or Native American women. Thus, reduction of mass only may not be sufficient to protect the most vulnerable pregnant women and children from adverse effects due to traffic source exposures. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12196.
尽管许多研究表明产前接触 与不良出生结局有关，但对于接触 的特定成分或导致这些结果的机制知之甚少。
我们的目的是研究来自非排放交通（如制动和轮胎磨损）的氧化势和金属成分对早产 (PTB) 和足月低出生体重 (TLBW) 风险的影响。
对于 2017-2019 年期间在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县出生的 285614 名单胎出生队列，我们使用土地利用回归与共克立格建模来估计特定的 暴露情况，包括制动和轮胎磨损相关金属（钡和锌）、黑碳以及三种氧化势 (OP) 标志物，包括基于测量铁和铜的模型化活性氧物种（ROS）、OH 形成 () 和二硫苏糖醇 (DTT) 损失 ()。使用逻辑回归，我们使用特定的 暴露情况和 质量作为连续变量，按其四分位距 (IQR) 进行缩放，估计了 PTB 和 TLBW 的比值比 (OR) 和 95%置信区间 (CI)。
对于金属和氧化势指标，我们估计 PTB（OR 范围为 1.01 至 1.03）和 TLBW（OR 范围为 1.02 至 1.05）的风险增加，这种风险在调整 质量后仍然存在。 暴露于制动和轮胎磨损产生的 金属成分以及导致氧化势的颗粒成分与拉丁裔、黑人以及混血或美洲原住民妇女的不良出生结局之间的关联更强。
我们的研究结果表明，洛杉矶县暴露于制动和轮胎磨损产生的 金属以及导致氧化势的颗粒成分与 PTB 和 TLBW 风险增加有关，尤其是在拉丁裔、黑人以及混血或美洲原住民妇女中。因此，减少 质量可能不足以保护最脆弱的孕妇和儿童免受交通源暴露的不良影响。
