长期护理机构护理人员的临终关怀准备情况及教育需求：一项横断面研究。
End-of-life care preparedness and educational needs among nursing staff of long-term care facilities: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Chang Soo Jung, Moon Seongmi, Lee Na Kyoung
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Ulsan City, South Korea.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 May 28;24(1):608. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03244-0.
BACKGROUND
This study assessed the preparedness and knowledge levels of nursing staff-registered nurses (RNs), nursing assistants (NAs), and care workers (CWs)-in South Korean long-term care facilities (LTCFs) regarding end-of-life care (EOLC). It aimed to identify their educational needs and prioritize training topics.
METHODS
This study employed a convenience sampling method to recruit RNs, NAs, and CWs from five LTCFs in S City and J Province in Korea. Participants were instructed to complete the questionnaire anonymously in a quiet and distraction-free environment. Data collection was conducted from October 23 to November 10, 2023. The five-step priority-setting process in needs analysis was applied to determine training priorities by occupation group (RNs, NAs, and CWs). The Korean versions of the Staff Preparedness for Palliative and End-of-Life Care in Long-Term Care Homes and the Questionnaire of Palliative Care Education Needs of Nursing Home Staff were used to measure EOLC preparedness and educational needs, respectively. Educational priorities were determined using the Borich needs Discrepancy assessment model, with high-priority items identified via the Locus for Focus model.
RESULTS
A total of 246 nursing staff participated (27 RNs, 17 NAs, 202 CWs). The overall mean EOLC preparedness score was 3.59 ± 0.70, with significant intergroup differences. The overall mean EOLC knowledge score was 2.56 ± 0.62, likewise revealing significant intergroup differences. EOLC educational needs, derived using the Borich needs assessment and Locus for Focus models, varied by occupation group: spiritual care and bereavement support for families were identified as top-priority items for RNs, while interdisciplinary teamwork was the highest-priority item for NAs and CWs.
CONCLUSIONS
As a meaningful attempt to establish education plans to improve EOLC competency of LTCF nursing staff, this study provides an evidence-based foundation and thus contributes to the advancement of nursing education. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest the following measures: (1) development of EOLC training programs tailored to the career levels of LTCF nursing staff and (2) designing and evaluation of competency-building programs specific to each occupational group to ensure high-quality EOLC in LTCFs.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Approved by the Institutional Review Board of GangneungWonju National University (No. GWNUIRB2023143).
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
本研究评估了韩国长期护理机构（LTCF）中注册护士（RN）、护理助理（NA）和护理员（CW）等护理人员在临终关怀（EOLC）方面的准备情况和知识水平。其目的是确定他们的教育需求，并对培训主题进行优先级排序。
方法
本研究采用便利抽样方法，从韩国S市和J省的五家长期护理机构招募注册护士、护理助理和护理员。参与者被要求在安静且无干扰的环境中匿名完成问卷。数据收集于2023年10月23日至11月10日进行。需求分析中的五步优先级设定过程被用于按职业组（注册护士、护理助理和护理员）确定培训优先级。长期护理机构员工姑息和临终关怀准备情况的韩文版问卷以及疗养院员工姑息关怀教育需求问卷分别用于测量临终关怀准备情况和教育需求。使用博里奇需求差异评估模型确定教育优先级，通过聚焦点模型确定高优先级项目。
结果
共有246名护理人员参与（27名注册护士、17名护理助理、202名护理员）。临终关怀准备情况的总体平均得分是3.59±0.70，组间存在显著差异。临终关怀知识的总体平均得分是2.56±0.62，同样显示出组间存在显著差异。使用博里奇需求评估和聚焦点模型得出的临终关怀教育需求因职业组而异：精神护理和对家属的丧亲支持被确定为注册护士的首要项目，而跨学科团队合作是护理助理和护理员的最高优先级项目。
结论
作为制定提高长期护理机构护理人员临终关怀能力教育计划的一项有意义尝试，本研究提供了循证基础，从而有助于推进护理教育。基于本研究结果，我们建议采取以下措施：（1）制定针对长期护理机构护理人员职业水平的临终关怀培训计划；（2）设计并评估针对每个职业组的能力建设计划，以确保长期护理机构提供高质量的临终关怀。
试验注册
经江陵原州国立大学机构审查委员会批准（编号GWNUIRB2023143）。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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