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Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2025 May 29;40(3):307-312. doi: 10.11607/jomi.11087. Epub 2024 Nov 13.
To evaluate glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients who have not been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) but exhibit oral DM symptoms prior to dental implant surgery.
This study was designed as a retrospective cohort. It was conducted on patients who previously presented to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for dental implant surgery and had not been diagnosed with DM. The inclusion criteria were as follows: patients with the need for dental implants and augmentation, presence of oral DM symptoms, and access to blood test results that included HbA1c. Patients with a prior diagnosis of DM were excluded from the study.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 253 patients who applied for dental implant surgery. Among them, 72 patients underwent HbA1c level assessments via blood tests. Patients with previously uncontrolled DM (n = 21) and those whose blood tests were performed at different institutions (n = 8) were excluded from the study. Consequently, the study encompassed a cohort of 43 patients. Among the participants, 55% of them were female and 45% of them were male. The HbA1c values of the patients ranged from 5.1 to 10.9, with an average value of 6.57 ± 1.44. Of the patients, 41.8% were diagnosed with DM, 30.2% were prediabetic (preDM), and 27.9% did not receive any diagnosis. There was no statistically significant relationship between the combinations of xerostomia, delayed wound healing, oral infection, burning sensation in the mouth, periodontitis, and dental caries with HbA1c levels (P > .05). In this study, patients presenting to the clinic for dental implant surgery were directed based on oral symptom findings, and the rates of diagnosed DM and preDM were determined to be 7.11% and 5.14%, respectively.
Considering the negative effects and prevalence of uncontrolled DM, it may be recommended to assess the HbA1c levels in patients with oral symptoms before dental implant surgery.
评估在接受牙种植手术前未被诊断为糖尿病（DM）但出现口腔糖尿病症状的患者的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平。
本研究设计为回顾性队列研究。研究对象为之前到口腔颌面外科进行牙种植手术且未被诊断为DM的患者。纳入标准如下：需要进行牙种植和植骨的患者、存在口腔糖尿病症状、可获取包括HbA1c在内的血液检测结果。既往诊断为DM的患者被排除在研究之外。
对253例申请牙种植手术的患者的数据进行回顾性分析。其中，72例患者通过血液检测进行了HbA1c水平评估。既往糖尿病控制不佳的患者（n = 21）以及在不同机构进行血液检测的患者（n = 8）被排除在研究之外。因此，该研究纳入了43例患者的队列。参与者中，55%为女性，45%为男性。患者的HbA1c值范围为5.1至10.9，平均值为6.57±1.44。患者中，41.8%被诊断为DM，30.2%为糖尿病前期（preDM），27.9%未得到任何诊断。口干、伤口愈合延迟、口腔感染、口腔烧灼感、牙周炎和龋齿与HbA1c水平之间的组合无统计学显著关系（P>.05）。在本研究中，根据口腔症状表现对到诊所进行牙种植手术的患者进行指导，确诊DM和preDM的比例分别确定为7.11%和5.14%。
考虑到未控制的DM的负面影响和患病率，建议在牙种植手术前对有口腔症状的患者评估HbA1c水平。
