Wang Hao, Ding Zuozheng, Wang Xingping, Zou Zaihan, Zhang Run, Chen Yunda, Wang Xiaochan, Zhao Guo
College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China.
College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138763. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138763. Epub 2025 May 27.
In this work, a wireless and passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag sensor, which integrated a reduced graphene oxide/ion-selective membrane (rGO/ISM) chemiresistive sensing component, was developed for the onsite detection of Pb in soil. Additionally, a new detection method combining impedance mismatch and spectral sensing technique for Pb was proposed. Furthermore, the sensing mechanism of the RFID tag sensor was investigated in terms of the field-effect transistor (FET) transfer curve and antenna reflection coefficient. The charge density in the sensing component was altered by Pb, reducing resistance and modifying the tag antenna impedance. Impedance mismatch between the antenna and RFID chip was thereby induced, with varying degrees of mismatch directly altering the light-emitting diode (LED) luminous intensity on the tag sensor. Rapid detection (<2 s) via luminous intensity monitoring eliminated a vector network analyser (VNA), achieving a detection limit of 1.96 μg/L. Ultimately, the sensing performance of the RFID tag sensor was verified through the detection of Pb in real soil samples (recovery rates of 99-101 %, and RMSEs of 2.08-7.32 μg/kg), indicating that the tag sensor offers a simple and effective solution for rapid and onsite detection of hazardous heavy metals in soil, with potential for practical application.
在这项工作中，开发了一种无线无源射频识别（RFID）标签传感器，其集成了还原氧化石墨烯/离子选择性膜（rGO/ISM）化学电阻传感组件，用于现场检测土壤中的铅。此外，还提出了一种结合阻抗失配和光谱传感技术检测铅的新方法。此外，从场效应晶体管（FET）传输曲线和天线反射系数方面研究了RFID标签传感器的传感机制。铅改变了传感组件中的电荷密度，降低了电阻并改变了标签天线的阻抗。从而在天线和RFID芯片之间引起阻抗失配，不同程度的失配直接改变了标签传感器上发光二极管（LED）的发光强度。通过发光强度监测进行快速检测（<2 s）无需矢量网络分析仪（VNA），实现了1.96 μg/L的检测限。最终，通过检测实际土壤样品中的铅验证了RFID标签传感器的传感性能（回收率为99-101%，均方根误差为2.08-7.32 μg/kg），表明该标签传感器为土壤中有害重金属的快速现场检测提供了一种简单有效的解决方案，具有实际应用潜力。
