Sampaio Ricardo, Morato Ronaldo G, Nunes André Valle, Chiarello Adriano G
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Carnívoros (CENAP), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Atibaia, Brazil.
Pós Graduação em Biologia Comparada e Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFLCRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Conserv Biol. 2025 Jun;39(3):e70044. doi: 10.1111/cobi.70044.
Community-based management and monitoring of biodiversity has emerged as a cost-effective strategy for providing credible data, informing decision-making, and empowering local communities in resource governance and management. However, the establishment of community-based management of subsistence hunting in the Brazilian Amazon has been hampered by legal uncertainty. Local regulations, such as the restriction or banning of mixed-breed dogs in hunting, have been strengthened to address social conflicts and improve wildlife management, but the conservation effectiveness of such regulations has been questioned. We conducted a case study of community-based decision-making in a human community in the Riozinho da Liberdade Extractive Reserve in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. This community established an informal agreement to limit the use of hunting dogs along one of the banks of the Liberdade River. After analyzing the results of 20 camera traps (CTs) placed in areas with and without the use of hunting dogs, the community strengthened their hunting agreement and decided to reinforce the agreement and ban this type of hunting completely. Subsequent to this decision, we analyzed the CT data and verified the negative effects of hunting with dogs on site-level species richness, aggregate abundance and biomass, and the relative abundance and individual detection of some species. To strengthen community-based subsistence hunting strategies in the Amazon and tropical forests in general, we suggest that camera trapping sampling of sites with different hunting management strategies and subsequent presentation to communities can facilitate local engagement, strengthen social and management rules, increase the decolonization of wildlife management, and ultimately expedite decision-making processes to avoid the tragedy of the commons in similar tropical forest socioecological systems.
基于社区的生物多样性管理与监测已成为一种具有成本效益的策略，可提供可靠数据、为决策提供信息，并使当地社区在资源治理与管理中拥有权力。然而，巴西亚马逊地区基于社区的自给性狩猎管理的建立一直受到法律不确定性的阻碍。诸如限制或禁止在狩猎中使用混种狗等地方法规已得到加强，以解决社会冲突并改善野生动物管理，但此类法规的保护效果受到了质疑。我们在巴西亚马逊西南部的自由河提取储备区的一个人类社区进行了一项基于社区决策的案例研究。该社区达成了一项非正式协议，限制在自由河的其中一条河岸沿线使用猎犬。在分析了放置在使用和未使用猎犬区域的20个相机陷阱（CT）的结果后，该社区加强了他们的狩猎协议，并决定强化该协议并完全禁止这种狩猎方式。在做出这一决定之后，我们分析了CT数据，并验证了使用猎犬狩猎对现场层面的物种丰富度、总丰度和生物量，以及某些物种的相对丰度和个体检测的负面影响。为了加强亚马逊地区以及一般热带森林中基于社区的自给性狩猎策略，我们建议对具有不同狩猎管理策略的地点进行相机陷阱采样，并随后向社区展示，这可以促进当地参与、加强社会和管理规则、增加野生动物管理的去殖民化，并最终加快决策过程，以避免类似热带森林社会生态系统中的公地悲剧。
