Sharma Deepika, Srivastava Shriyansh, Babu Malakapogu Ravindra
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 May 30;52(1):518. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10639-4.
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles which are essential for intercellular communication. They have shown great promise in the delivery of drugs into the brain. Recent developments in the use of exosomes to treat neurological conditions are reviewed in this article. Further, it also focuses on molecular and genetic changes that improve the therapeutic effectiveness of these exosomes. Receptor-specific targeting, stimulus-responsive exosomes, and hybrid nanovesicle systems are the three main approaches investigated for facilitating exosome transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and other bioactive molecules have important roles in the brain, and it emphasizes their potential as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and modulators of disease pathogenesis. Additionally, it addresses how biomimetic and synthetic exosomes can enhance focused medication delivery to the brain. It also covers how these exosomes are involved in reducing systemic adverse effects while providing important information for next-generation neurotherapeutic strategies.
外泌体是纳米级的细胞外囊泡，对细胞间通讯至关重要。它们在将药物输送到大脑方面显示出巨大潜力。本文综述了外泌体用于治疗神经疾病的最新进展。此外，它还关注改善这些外泌体治疗效果的分子和基因变化。受体特异性靶向、刺激响应性外泌体和混合纳米囊泡系统是研究促进外泌体穿过血脑屏障（BBB）运输的三种主要方法。外泌体微小RNA（miRNA）和其他生物活性分子在大脑中具有重要作用，并且强调了它们作为生物标志物、治疗剂和疾病发病机制调节剂的潜力。此外，它还讨论了仿生和合成外泌体如何增强向大脑的靶向药物递送。它还涵盖了这些外泌体如何在减少全身不良反应的同时，为下一代神经治疗策略提供重要信息。
