Jiang Xinyan, Xu Jinpeng, Cheng Feier, Zuo Xinhui, Wang Dongxue, Yin Weixue, Cui Lijuan, Xie Fengzhe, Wang Liuying, Artem Bobkov, Tian Guomei, Kang Zheng
Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang district, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 May 30;25(1):2002. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23217-x.
This article examines the association between population density, maternal mortality, and under-5 mortality in countries throughout the world, as well as the mediating impacts of the Universal Health Coverage Service Coverage Index (UHC-SCI).
The World Health Organization's website provided data on maternal mortality and the Universal Health Coverage Service Coverage Index for the years 2000-2020. The World Bank database included information on population density and under-5 mortality rates for nations between 2000 and 2020. Panel regressions were used to examine the association between population density and maternal and under-5 mortality in each nation, as well as the mediating influence of the Universal Health Coverage Service Coverage Index, while accounting for economic, environmental, and medical factors. Finally, data is divided into regressions based on World Bank member countries' income levels to examine heterogeneity.
The study included 175 countries and found a significant negative correlation between population density, maternal mortality, and under-5 mortality (B = -1.015, -1.146, P < 0.05). The Universal Health Coverage Service Coverage Index mediated this relationship (B = -1.044, -1.141, P < 0.05).
Increasing population density in countries around the world has helped to reduce maternal and child mortality. As population density has increased, so has the level of the Universal Health Coverage Service Coverage Index, which has proven effective in lowering maternal and under-5 mortality. Governments should plan interventions to build basic health facilities and allocate resources to health services based on population density, level of economic development, and the current state of their health systems, with the goal of stabilizing the rate of change in maternal and under-5 mortality and, eventually, achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
本文研究了世界各国人口密度、孕产妇死亡率和5岁以下儿童死亡率之间的关联，以及全民健康覆盖服务覆盖指数（UHC-SCI）的中介作用。
世界卫生组织网站提供了2000 - 2020年孕产妇死亡率和全民健康覆盖服务覆盖指数的数据。世界银行数据库包含了2000年至2020年各国的人口密度和5岁以下儿童死亡率信息。在考虑经济、环境和医疗因素的情况下，使用面板回归来研究每个国家人口密度与孕产妇及5岁以下儿童死亡率之间的关联，以及全民健康覆盖服务覆盖指数的中介影响。最后，根据世界银行成员国的收入水平对数据进行回归分析，以检验异质性。
该研究涵盖了175个国家，发现人口密度与孕产妇死亡率和5岁以下儿童死亡率之间存在显著的负相关（B = -1.015，-1.146，P < 0.05）。全民健康覆盖服务覆盖指数介导了这种关系（B = -1.044，-1.141，P < 0.05）。
世界各国人口密度的增加有助于降低孕产妇和儿童死亡率。随着人口密度的增加，全民健康覆盖服务覆盖指数水平也随之提高，这已被证明在降低孕产妇和5岁以下儿童死亡率方面是有效的。各国政府应规划干预措施，根据人口密度、经济发展水平和卫生系统现状建设基本卫生设施并分配卫生服务资源，目标是稳定孕产妇和5岁以下儿童死亡率的变化率，并最终实现可持续发展目标。
