Bahramfard Tooba, Zolghadrpour Mohammad-Amin, Jowshan Mohammad-Reza, Sheikhi Davood, Zandvakili Atousa, Mohagheghzade Zahra, Roozbehi Marjan, Pourmahmoudi Azizollah
Students Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Nutr. 2025 May 30;11(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s40795-025-01070-w.
The risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus has been linked to dietary factors. This is one of the first studies that has investigated the relationship between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between DPI and GDM.
This case-control study investigated 71 women without GDM and 71 women with GDM who had a singleton fetus. The average age of these two groups was 28 and 33 years, respectively, and these pregnant mothers were in the 27th week of pregnancy on average. A 168-item semi-quantitative FFQ questionnaire was used to determine food intake. Then, to check the intake status of dietary phytochemicals, DPI was calculated, then logistic regression was used in different models to evaluate the relationship between DPI and GDM.
After adjusting for confounding factors, participants in the highest DPI tertile had 88% less chance of developing GDM (odds ratio = 0.12; 95% confidence intervals: 0.86-0.019). The mean DPI score of the case and control groups were 31.01 ± 22.17 and 36.09 ± 8.73, respectively. The overall mean DPI score for the study was 33.59 ± 18.88.
Women who have a higher DPI score are less likely to develop GDM, but more studies are necessary to confirm the results of the present study.
妊娠期糖尿病的发病风险与饮食因素有关。这是首批研究饮食植物化学物质指数（DPI）与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）之间关系的研究之一。本研究旨在探讨DPI与GDM之间的关系。
本病例对照研究调查了71名单胎妊娠且无GDM的女性和71名单胎妊娠且患有GDM的女性。这两组的平均年龄分别为28岁和33岁，这些孕妇平均处于妊娠第27周。使用一份包含168个条目的半定量食物频率问卷来确定食物摄入量。然后，为检查饮食植物化学物质的摄入状况，计算DPI，接着在不同模型中使用逻辑回归来评估DPI与GDM之间的关系。
在对混杂因素进行调整后，DPI最高三分位数组的参与者患GDM的几率降低了88%（比值比 = 0.12；95%置信区间：0.86 - 0.019）。病例组和对照组的平均DPI得分分别为31.01±22.17和36.09±8.73。该研究的总体平均DPI得分为33.59±18.88。
DPI得分较高的女性患GDM的可能性较小，但需要更多研究来证实本研究的结果。
