Morita Y, Finger T E
J Comp Neurol. 1985 Aug 8;238(2):187-201. doi: 10.1002/cne.902380206.
The large majority of intraoral taste buds in goldfish are located on the gill arches and on the palatal organ, a muscular organ situated on the roof of the mouth. These taste buds are innervated by branches of the vagus nerve which terminate in a laminated vagal lobe, itself being an enlargement of the special visceral sensory column of the medulla. The tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to determine the connectivity of the various branches of the vagus nerve that innervate the oropharyngeal gustatory surfaces. The entire oral cavity is mapped onto the vagal lobe so that the anterior end of the palatal organ and the most anterior gill arch are represented anteriorly in the vagal lobe; progressively more posterior oral structures are represented progressively more posteriorly in the lobe. The medial part of the palatal organ and the opposing gill arch surface, i.e., the ventromedial portion, are represented ventrally in the vagal lobe. The dorsolateral portions of the palatal organ and gill arches are represented dorsomedially in the vagal lobe. The topographic representation of the oral structures is similar for both the motor and sensory systems. In addition to this overall topographic organization, the different oropharyngeal structures are represented differentially in the layers of the vagal lobe. Palatal organ inputs reach layers VI and IX while gill arch inputs terminate in layers II, IV, and IX. The overall organization of the vagal lobe suggests a highly organized reflex system which is involved in the separation of food from substrate, especially during bottom feeding.
金鱼口腔内的绝大多数味蕾位于鳃弓和腭器官上，腭器官是位于口腔顶部的一个肌肉器官。这些味蕾由迷走神经的分支支配，这些分支终止于一个分层的迷走叶，迷走叶本身是延髓特殊内脏感觉柱的扩大。使用示踪剂辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）来确定支配口咽味觉表面的迷走神经各分支的连接性。整个口腔被映射到迷走叶上，因此腭器官的前端和最前面的鳃弓在迷走叶的前部得到体现；口腔中越靠后的结构在迷走叶中体现得越靠后。腭器官的内侧部分和相对的鳃弓表面，即腹内侧部分，在迷走叶的腹侧得到体现。腭器官和鳃弓的背外侧部分在迷走叶的背内侧得到体现。口腔结构的拓扑表示在运动和感觉系统中是相似的。除了这种整体的拓扑组织外，不同的口咽结构在迷走叶的各层中也有不同的体现。腭器官的输入到达第VI层和第IX层，而鳃弓的输入终止于第II层、第IV层和第IX层。迷走叶的整体组织表明存在一个高度有组织的反射系统，该系统参与将食物与基质分离，特别是在底栖摄食期间。
