Naseem Sobia, Rizwan Muhammad
Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Polymer & Process Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2025 Aug;226:112285. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112285. Epub 2025 May 29.
Isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO) are prebiotic oligosaccharides that have shown promise in improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, making them potential therapeutic agents for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). IMO selectively stimulates beneficial gut microbiota, particularly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like acetate, propionate, and butyrate. These SCFAs play a pivotal role in enhancing the release of gut hormones such as GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) and PYY (Peptide YY), which improve insulin secretion and promote satiety, thus improving glucose homeostasis. Clinical studies have reported that IMO supplementation can lower HbA1c by 0.5% and reduce postprandial glucose spikes, demonstrating its efficacy in glycemic control. Additionally, IMO promotes insulin sensitivity by reducing inflammation and enhancing adiponectin levels. Although the current findings are promising, further research is needed to determine optimal dosing, long-term safety, and the role of individual gut microbiomes in tailoring IMO interventions. Future studies focusing on personalized nutrition strategies and the synergistic effects of IMO with other lifestyle interventions could enhance its applicability as a key component in T2D management.
异麦芽低聚糖（IMO）是益生元低聚糖，已显示出改善胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖代谢的潜力，使其成为2型糖尿病（T2D）的潜在治疗剂。IMO选择性地刺激有益的肠道微生物群，特别是双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌，从而导致乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐等短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的产生。这些SCFA在增强肠道激素如胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）和肽YY（PYY）的释放中起关键作用，这些激素可改善胰岛素分泌并促进饱腹感，从而改善葡萄糖稳态。临床研究报告称，补充IMO可使糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）降低0.5%，并减少餐后血糖峰值，证明其在血糖控制方面的疗效。此外，IMO通过减轻炎症和提高脂联素水平来促进胰岛素敏感性。尽管目前的研究结果很有前景，但仍需要进一步研究以确定最佳剂量、长期安全性以及个体肠道微生物群在定制IMO干预措施中的作用。未来关注个性化营养策略以及IMO与其他生活方式干预措施协同效应的研究，可能会增强其作为T2D管理关键组成部分的适用性。
