Polan C E, Herrington T A, Wark W A, Armentano L E
J Dairy Sci. 1985 Aug;68(8):2016-26. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)81063-8.
Forty four multiparous Holsteins, 114 +/- 28 days in milk (32 kg/day, 3.4% fat), were fed a basal diet of 12% crude protein and 20% acid detergent fiber for 10 days, then stratified by milk production into four groups. Cows were randomized to one of nine diets in a 3 X 3 factorial in which basal was supplemented with dried brewers grains, wet brewers grains, or soybean meal to supply in the diet 14.5, 16.0, and 17.5% crude protein. Eight cows remained on basal during the 50-day trial. Basal contained: 14% alfalfa silage, 27% ensiled ground-corn, 53% corn silage, and 6% vitamin-mineral mix. Milk production (kg/day) for cows fed dried brewers grains (29.4) and wet brewers grains (28.9) was higher than soybean meal (26.2) and basal (23.1). Milk production was different for diets with high (29.6) vs. low (27.8) and medium (27.2) protein. Dry matter intake (as percent of body weight) was 3.7, 3.5, 3.3, and 2.9 for dried brewers, wet brewers, soybean meal, and basal, respectively. Milk protein percent and milk fat percent differed for protein source. Rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen for combined 2, 4, and 6 h post-feeding, was (mg/100 ml) 10.4 for dried brewers, 14.9 for wet brewers, and 18.0 for soybean meal and increased from 13.2 to 15.4 with increased protein. Plasma urea tended to follow patterns of rumen ammonia. Dried brewers grains had lower apparent nitrogen digestibility but equal nitrogen balance, indicating more efficient metabolic use than soybean meal.
44头经产荷斯坦奶牛,产奶天数为114±28天(日产奶量32千克,乳脂率3.4%),先饲喂含12%粗蛋白和20%酸性洗涤纤维的基础日粮10天,然后按产奶量分为四组。奶牛被随机分配到9种日粮中的一种,采用3×3析因设计,基础日粮分别添加干啤酒糟、湿啤酒糟或豆粕,使日粮粗蛋白含量分别达到14.5%、16.0%和17.5%。在为期50天的试验中,8头奶牛一直饲喂基础日粮。基础日粮包含:14%苜蓿青贮、27%青贮玉米粉、53%玉米青贮和6%维生素-矿物质预混料。饲喂干啤酒糟(29.4)和湿啤酒糟(28.9)的奶牛产奶量高于饲喂豆粕(26.2)和基础日粮(23.1)的奶牛。高蛋白(29.6)日粮组的产奶量与低蛋白(27.8)和中等蛋白(27.2)日粮组不同。干啤酒糟、湿啤酒糟、豆粕和基础日粮组的干物质采食量(占体重的百分比)分别为3.7、3.5、3.3和2.9。乳蛋白率和乳脂率因蛋白质来源而异。采食后2、4和6小时混合瘤胃液中的氨氮含量(毫克/100毫升),干啤酒糟组为10.4,湿啤酒糟组为14.9,豆粕组为18.0,且随着蛋白质含量增加从13.2增至15.4。血浆尿素含量趋势与瘤胃氨相似。干啤酒糟的表观氮消化率较低,但氮平衡相同,表明其代谢利用效率高于豆粕。